Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kalbōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kalbōną, equivalent to *kalb (“calve”) +‎ *-ōn. Compare also the class 1 weak verb in Old Norse kelfa.

Verb

*kalbōn

1. to calve, give birth to a calve

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	*kalbōn
1st sg. past	*kalbōdā
Infinitive	*kalbōn
Genitive infin.	*kalbōnijas
Dative infin.	*kalbōnijē
Instrum. infin.	*kalbōniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*kalbō	*kalbōdā
2nd singular	*kalbōs	*kalbōdēs, *kalbōdōs
3rd singular	*kalbōþ	*kalbōdē, *kalbōdā
1st plural	*kalbōm	*kalbōdum
2nd plural	*kalbōþ	*kalbōdud
3rd plural	*kalbōnþ	*kalbōdun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*kalbō	*kalbōdī
2nd singular	*kalbōs	*kalbōdī
3rd singular	*kalbō	*kalbōdī
1st plural	*kalbōm	*kalbōdīm
2nd plural	*kalbōþ	*kalbōdīd
3rd plural	*kalbōn	*kalbōdīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*kalbō
Plural	*kalbōþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*kalbōndī	*kalbōd

Descendants

• Old English: ċealfian
  • Middle English: calven
    • English: calve
    • Scots: cauve, cauf, cawf, caulf
• Old Frisian: *kālia
  • Saterland Frisian: koolvje
  • West Frisian: kealje
• Old Saxon: *kalvōn
  • Middle Low German: kalven
    • German Low German: kalven
• Old Dutch: *calvon
  • Middle Dutch: calven
    • Dutch: kalven
• Old High German: *kalbōn
  • Middle High German: kalben
    • German: kalben