cét-

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Middle Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish cét-, from Proto-Celtic *kentus (first), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (to begin).

Prefix

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cét-

  1. first

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish: céad
  • Manx: kied
  • Scottish Gaelic: ciad

Mutation

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Middle Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
cét- chét- cét-
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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A conflation of two prefixes.

Prefix

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cét- (pretonic ceta-)

  1. first
    cét- (first) + ‎cin (crime) → ‎cétchin (first crime)
    cét- (first) + ‎aín (fast) → ‎cétaín (Wednesday, literally first fasting)
    cét- (first) + ‎id- (it) (relative) + ‎do·rigni (who have done) → ‎cetid·deirgni (who have done it first)
    cét- (first) + ‎ro·chreti (who had believed) → ‎ceta·ruchreti (who had first believed)
  2. (rare) with
    cét- (with) + ‎buith (being) → ‎cétbaid (feeling)
    cét- (with) + ‎lúud (moving) → ‎cétluth (cohabitation)
    cét- (with) + ‎·bí (is, exists) (habitual conjunct) → ‎ceta·bí (feels, literally exist with)

Usage notes

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  • This prefix, in the form cét, is attached to nouns, while ceta- is attached to relative verbs. When prefixed to nouns, lenition is triggered on the root word.
  • The verbal prefixation of the prefix meaning "with" is one-of-a-kind, only occurring to make ceta·bí (to feel).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
cét- chét- cét-
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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