kahju
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Estonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *kaiho. Cognate with Finnish kaiho (“longing, sadness, saudade”), Livonian ka'i, Votic kaiho, Ingrian kaiho (“complaint”), Karelian kaiho (“problem”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
kahju (genitive kahju, partitive kahju or kahjut)
- harm, damage
- Temast on rohkem kahju kui kasu. ― He does more harm than good.
- Külm tegi õunapuudele kahju. ― The frost damaged the apple trees.
- Antonym: kasu
- a pity, a shame, sorry (dissatisfaction, feeling sad about sth) (+ elative case)
- Mul on kahju, et nii läks. ― I'm sorry that this happened.
- Kahju raisatud ajast. ― What a waste of time.
- Kahju on sõpradest lahkuda. ― It's a shame to leave your friends.
- Väga kahju, et sa eile ei tulnud. ― Too bad you didn't show up yesterday.
- sympathy for somebody else's sadness, accidents, bad situations
- Mul on sinust südamest kahju. ― My heart goes out to you. / I feel very sorry for you.
- Kahju nendest, kes sellise ilmaga peavad teele minema. ― I pity those who have to hit the road in such weather.
- Tüdruk oli nii õnnetu näoga, et mul hakkas temast päris kahju. ― The girl had such a sad face that I felt sorry for her.
Declension[edit]
Declension of kahju (ÕS type 16/pere, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | kahju | kahjud | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | kahju | ||
genitive | kahjude | ||
partitive | kahjut | kahjusid | |
illative | kahjusse | kahjudesse | |
inessive | kahjus | kahjudes | |
elative | kahjust | kahjudest | |
allative | kahjule | kahjudele | |
adessive | kahjul | kahjudel | |
ablative | kahjult | kahjudelt | |
translative | kahjuks | kahjudeks | |
terminative | kahjuni | kahjudeni | |
essive | kahjuna | kahjudena | |
abessive | kahjuta | kahjudeta | |
comitative | kahjuga | kahjudega |
As mentioned above, the partitive singular form can also be kahju.
Derived terms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Finnish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
kahju (comparative kahjumpi, superlative kahjuin) (colloquial)
- Alternative form of kahjo
Declension[edit]
Inflection of kahju (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | kahju | kahjut | |
genitive | kahjun | kahjujen | |
partitive | kahjua | kahjuja | |
illative | kahjuun | kahjuihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | kahju | kahjut | |
accusative | nom. | kahju | kahjut |
gen. | kahjun | ||
genitive | kahjun | kahjujen | |
partitive | kahjua | kahjuja | |
inessive | kahjussa | kahjuissa | |
elative | kahjusta | kahjuista | |
illative | kahjuun | kahjuihin | |
adessive | kahjulla | kahjuilla | |
ablative | kahjulta | kahjuilta | |
allative | kahjulle | kahjuille | |
essive | kahjuna | kahjuina | |
translative | kahjuksi | kahjuiksi | |
abessive | kahjutta | kahjuitta | |
instructive | — | kahjuin | |
comitative | — | kahjuine |
Noun[edit]
kahju (colloquial)
- Alternative form of kahjo
Declension[edit]
Inflection of kahju (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | kahju | kahjut | ||
genitive | kahjun | kahjujen | ||
partitive | kahjua | kahjuja | ||
illative | kahjuun | kahjuihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | kahju | kahjut | ||
accusative | nom. | kahju | kahjut | |
gen. | kahjun | |||
genitive | kahjun | kahjujen | ||
partitive | kahjua | kahjuja | ||
inessive | kahjussa | kahjuissa | ||
elative | kahjusta | kahjuista | ||
illative | kahjuun | kahjuihin | ||
adessive | kahjulla | kahjuilla | ||
ablative | kahjulta | kahjuilta | ||
allative | kahjulle | kahjuille | ||
essive | kahjuna | kahjuina | ||
translative | kahjuksi | kahjuiksi | ||
abessive | kahjutta | kahjuitta | ||
instructive | — | kahjuin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of kahju (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading[edit]
- “kahju”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Categories:
- Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Estonian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Estonian/ɑhju
- Rhymes:Estonian/ɑhju/2 syllables
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- Estonian terms with usage examples
- Estonian pere-type nominals
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑhju
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑhju/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish adjectives
- Finnish colloquialisms
- Finnish valo-type nominals
- Finnish nouns