nṯr-nfr

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Egyptian

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Etymology

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nṯr (god) +‎ nfr (pleasing, fine, good, beautiful), thus ‘the pleasing/fine/good/beautiful god’. The use of the term in contrast with nṯr-ꜥꜣ (the elder god) shows that the implication of nfr here was probably one of youthful beauty or, euphemistically, simply youth, as also seen in nfrt (young woman). A rendering such as ‘the youthful god’ is thus perhaps truer to the intended meaning than the traditional rendering ‘the good god’.[1]

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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nTrnfr

 m

  1. an epithet of the currently living king, often appended as a title either before all other titles or immediately before or after the king’s names, sometimes in contrast to nṯr-ꜥꜣ for the dead former king
  2. epithet for the junior king in a coregency, in contrast to nṯr-ꜥꜣ for the senior king
  3. (less commonly) an epithet for various gods, especially Osiris as king of the afterworld

References

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  1. ^ On the meaning and translation of this term see also especially the discussion in Berlev, Oleg (2003) “Два Царя — Два Солнца: К мировоззрению древних египтян” and the translated version “Two kings – Two Suns: On the Worldview of the Ancient Egyptians” in Discovering Egypt from the Neva: the Egyptological Legacy of Oleg D. Berlev, edited by Quirke, Stepehen, Berlin: Achet-Verlag, pages 1–35