sugua

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Swahili

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Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-sugua (infinitive kusugua)

  1. to rub, scrub
  2. to scrub clean

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -sugua
Positive present -nasugua
Subjunctive -sugue
Negative -sugui
Imperative singular sugua
Infinitives
Positive kusugua
Negative kutosugua
Imperatives
Singular sugua
Plural sugueni
Tensed forms
Habitual husugua
Positive past positive subject concord + -lisugua
Negative past negative subject concord + -kusugua
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasugua)
Singular Plural
1st person ninasugua/nasugua tunasugua
2nd person unasugua mnasugua
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anasugua wanasugua
other classes positive subject concord + -nasugua
Negative present (negative subject concord + -sugui)
Singular Plural
1st person sisugui hatusugui
2nd person husugui hamsugui
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hasugui hawasugui
other classes negative subject concord + -sugui
Positive future positive subject concord + -tasugua
Negative future negative subject concord + -tasugua
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sugue)
Singular Plural
1st person nisugue tusugue
2nd person usugue msugue
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asugue wasugue
other classes positive subject concord + -sugue
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sisugue
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngesugua
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singesugua
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalisugua
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalisugua
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asugua)
Singular Plural
1st person nasugua twasugua
2nd person wasugua mwasugua
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asugua wasugua
m-mi(III/IV) wasugua yasugua
ji-ma(V/VI) lasugua yasugua
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chasugua vyasugua
n(IX/X) yasugua zasugua
u(XI) wasugua see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwasugua
pa(XVI) pasugua
mu(XVIII) mwasugua
Perfect positive subject concord + -mesugua
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshasugua
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jasugua
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kisugua
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposugua
Consecutive kasugua / positive subject concord + -kasugua
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kasugue
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nisugua -tusugua
2nd person -kusugua -wasugua/-kusugueni/-wasugueni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -msugua -wasugua
m-mi(III/IV) -usugua -isugua
ji-ma(V/VI) -lisugua -yasugua
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kisugua -visugua
n(IX/X) -isugua -zisugua
u(XI) -usugua see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kusugua
pa(XVI) -pasugua
mu(XVIII) -musugua
Reflexive -jisugua
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sugua- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -suguaye -suguao
m-mi(III/IV) -suguao -suguayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -sugualo -suguayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -suguacho -suguavyo
n(IX/X) -suguayo -suguazo
u(XI) -suguao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -suguako
pa(XVI) -suguapo
mu(XVIII) -suguamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sugua)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yesugua -osugua
m-mi(III/IV) -osugua -yosugua
ji-ma(V/VI) -losugua -yosugua
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chosugua -vyosugua
n(IX/X) -yosugua -zosugua
u(XI) -osugua see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kosugua
pa(XVI) -posugua
mu(XVIII) -mosugua
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.