κενός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κεινός (keinós) — Ionic
• κενεός (keneós) — Poetic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kenwós, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱen-. Cognates with Old Armenian սին (sin, “vain, trifling”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ke.nós/ → /ceˈnos/ → /ceˈnos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ke.nós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /keˈnos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ceˈnos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ceˈnos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ceˈnos/

Adjective

κενός • (kenós) m (feminine κενή, neuter κενόν); first/second declension

1. empty

   Antonyms: μεστός (mestós), πλήρης (plḗrēs)

2. vain, fruitless
3. exhausted, void, destitute

Inflection

First and second declension of κενός; κενή; κενόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κενός kenós	κενή kenḗ	κενόν kenón		κενώ kenṓ	κενᾱ́ kenā́	κενώ kenṓ		κενοί kenoí	κεναί kenaí	κενᾰ́ kená
Genitive		κενοῦ kenoû	κενῆς kenês	κενοῦ kenoû		κενοῖν kenoîn	κεναῖν kenaîn	κενοῖν kenoîn		κενῶν kenôn	κενῶν kenôn	κενῶν kenôn
Dative		κενῷ kenôi	κενῇ kenêi	κενῷ kenôi		κενοῖν kenoîn	κεναῖν kenaîn	κενοῖν kenoîn		κενοῖς kenoîs	κεναῖς kenaîs	κενοῖς kenoîs
Accusative		κενόν kenón	κενήν kenḗn	κενόν kenón		κενώ kenṓ	κενᾱ́ kenā́	κενώ kenṓ		κενούς kenoús	κενᾱ́ς kenā́s	κενᾰ́ kená
Vocative		κενέ kené	κενή kenḗ	κενόν kenón		κενώ kenṓ	κενᾱ́ kenā́	κενώ kenṓ		κενοί kenoí	κεναί kenaí	κενᾰ́ kená
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κενῶς kenôs				κενώτερος kenṓteros				κενώτᾰτος kenṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κενεών (keneṓn)

Descendants

• Greek: κενός (kenós)

Further reading

• “κενός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κενός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κενός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κενός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• κενός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G2756 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • aimless idem, page 21.
  • airy idem, page 21.
  • bare idem, page 62.
  • barren idem, page 63.
  • baseless idem, page 64.
  • bereft idem, page 74.
  • blank idem, page 81.
  • causeless idem, page 119.
  • delusive idem, page 209.
  • denude idem, page 211.
  • deprive idem, page 213.
  • devoid of idem, page 220.
  • empty idem, page 269.
  • empty-handed idem, page 269.
  • flimsy idem, page 328.
  • frothy idem, page 347.
  • fruitless idem, page 348.
  • futile idem, page 351.
  • groundless idem, page 375.
  • hollow idem, page 403.
  • idle idem, page 413.
  • illusive idem, page 416.
  • inane idem, page 427.
  • ineffective idem, page 435.
  • purposeless idem, page 659.
  • random idem, page 670.
  • shadowy idem, page 760.
  • sterile idem, page 816.
  • unavailing idem, page 907.
  • unfounded idem, page 919.
  • unfruitful idem, page 919.
  • ungrounded idem, page 920.
  • unmeaning idem, page 925.
  • unnecessary idem, page 926.
  • unprofitable idem, page 928.
  • unsubstantial idem, page 933.
  • untenanted idem, page 934.
  • useless idem, page 940.
  • vacant idem, page 941.
  • vain idem, page 942.
  • void idem, page 956.
  • waste idem, page 965.

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κενός (kenós), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱen-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ceˈnos/
• Homophone: καινός (kainós)

Adjective

κενός • (kenós) m (feminine κενή, neuter κενό)

1. empty, free, vacant

Declension

Declension of κενός

number  case \ gender	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	κενός •	κενή •	κενό •	κενοί •	κενές •	κενά •
genitive	κενού •	κενής •	κενού •	κενών •	κενών •	κενών •
accusative	κενό •	κενή •	κενό •	κενούς •	κενές •	κενά •
vocative	κενέ •	κενή •	κενό •	κενοί •	κενές •	κενά •
derivations	Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο κενός, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο κενός, etc.)

Synonyms

• άδειος (ádeios)

Further reading

• “κενός”, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998