μυρίος
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Origin uncertain. It may be related to either Proto-Indo-European *mew- (“damp”) (as in 'flowing' like the countless waves of the sea) or μύρμηξ (múrmēx, “ant”) (like a countless swarm).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /myː.rí.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /myˈri.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /myˈri.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /myˈri.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /miˈri.os/
Adjective
[edit]μῡρῐ́ος • (mūríos) m (feminine μῡρῐ́ᾱ, neuter μῡρῐ́ον); first/second declension
- numberless, countless, infinite
- (poetic) measureless, immense, infinite
- (of time) endless
- (adverbial, in neuter plural) much, immensely, incessantly
- (adverbial, singular dative) infinitely
- (as a definite numeral, in the plural) ten thousand, the greatest number expressed in Ancient Greek as a single word
Usage notes
[edit]According to the Grammarians μυρίος (muríos) (paroxytonic) is the indefinite form, and μύριος (múrios) (proparoxytonic) is the definite form. However, this distinction is not observed in the manuscripts.
Inflection
[edit]Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | μῡρῐ́ος mūríos |
μῡρῐ́ᾱ mūríā |
μῡρῐ́ον mūríon |
μῡρῐ́ω mūríō |
μῡρῐ́ᾱ mūríā |
μῡρῐ́ω mūríō |
μῡρῐ́οι mūríoi |
μῡρῐ́αι mūríai |
μῡρῐ́ᾰ mūría | |||||
Genitive | μῡρῐ́ου mūríou |
μῡρῐ́ᾱς mūríās |
μῡρῐ́ου mūríou |
μῡρῐ́οιν mūríoin |
μῡρῐ́αιν mūríain |
μῡρῐ́οιν mūríoin |
μῡρῐ́ων mūríōn |
μῡρῐ́ων mūríōn |
μῡρῐ́ων mūríōn | |||||
Dative | μῡρῐ́ῳ mūríōi |
μῡρῐ́ᾳ mūríāi |
μῡρῐ́ῳ mūríōi |
μῡρῐ́οιν mūríoin |
μῡρῐ́αιν mūríain |
μῡρῐ́οιν mūríoin |
μῡρῐ́οις mūríois |
μῡρῐ́αις mūríais |
μῡρῐ́οις mūríois | |||||
Accusative | μῡρῐ́ον mūríon |
μῡρῐ́ᾱν mūríān |
μῡρῐ́ον mūríon |
μῡρῐ́ω mūríō |
μῡρῐ́ᾱ mūríā |
μῡρῐ́ω mūríō |
μῡρῐ́ους mūríous |
μῡρῐ́ᾱς mūríās |
μῡρῐ́ᾰ mūría | |||||
Vocative | μῡρῐ́ε mūríe |
μῡρῐ́ᾱ mūríā |
μῡρῐ́ον mūríon |
μῡρῐ́ω mūríō |
μῡρῐ́ᾱ mūríā |
μῡρῐ́ω mūríō |
μῡρῐ́οι mūríoi |
μῡρῐ́αι mūríai |
μῡρῐ́ᾰ mūría | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
μῡρῐ́ως mūríōs |
μῡρῐώτερος mūriṓteros |
μῡρῐώτᾰτος mūriṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Synonyms
[edit]- (immense): πολύς (polús)
Derived terms
[edit]- μῡρῐόφθᾰλμος (mūrióphthalmos)
- μῡρῐᾰ́ς (mūriás)
Further reading
[edit]- “μυρίος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μυρίος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “μυρίος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- μυρίος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- μυρίος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “μυρίος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- boundless idem, page 91.
- countless idem, page 178.
- huge idem, page 409.
- illimitable idem, page 416.
- immeasurable idem, page 417.
- immense idem, page 417.
- incalculable idem, page 427.
- infinite idem, page 438.
- limitless idem, page 492.
- many idem, page 513.
- measureless idem, page 521.
- much idem, page 545.
- multitudinous idem, page 546.
- numberless idem, page 563.
- unfathomable idem, page 918.
- unlimited idem, page 924.
- unmeasured idem, page 925.
- unnumbered idem, page 926.
- untold idem, page 935.
- vast idem, page 945.