اسفند

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Persian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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A contraction of اسفندارمذ , اسفندارمزد , from Middle Persian spndrmt’ (Spandarmad, literally holy thought); name of the fourth Amahraspand (divine deity) in Zoroastrianism and a Goddess. Compare Old Armenian սանդարամետ (sandaramet), սպանդարամետ (spandaramet), Iranian borrowings.

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? isfand
Dari reading? isfand
Iranian reading? esfand
Tajik reading? isfand
  • Audio (Iran):(file)

Proper noun

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Dari اسفند
Iranian Persian
Tajik Исфанд

اسفند (esfand)

  1. Esfand, the twelfth month of the solar Persian calendar.
  2. Name of the fifth day of any month of the solar Persian calendar.

Etymology 2

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (spand), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cwantaH (holy) (compare Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬀 (spəṇta, holy), because the plant is used in fumigation against evil eye. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwen-. Cognate to Pashto "Spelani", the same thing.

Noun

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اسفند (esfand)

  1. wild rue
Descendants
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  • Ottoman Turkish: اسفند