ἁπαλός

See also: απαλός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown. The formation may be compared with ὁμαλός (homalós) and ἀταλός (atalós). Furnée compared ἀμαλός (amalós, “soft, bland”), assuming variation μ/π. This is possible, but uncertain.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ha.pa.lós/ → /a.paˈlos/ → /a.paˈlos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ha.pa.lós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)a.paˈlos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.paˈlos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.paˈlos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.paˈlos/

Adjective

ἁπᾰλός • (hapalós) m (feminine ἁπᾰλή, neuter ἁπᾰλόν); first/second declension

1. soft to the touch, tender

   Synonym: μαλακός (malakós)

2. (figuratively) delicate, gentle
3. (in bad sense) soft, weak

Inflection

First and second declension of ἁπᾰλός; ἁπᾰλή; ἁπᾰλόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἁπᾰλός hapalós	ἁπᾰλή hapalḗ	ἁπᾰλόν hapalón		ἁπᾰλώ hapalṓ	ἁπᾰλᾱ́ hapalā́	ἁπᾰλώ hapalṓ		ἁπᾰλοί hapaloí	ἁπᾰλαί hapalaí	ἁπᾰλᾰ́ hapalá
Genitive		ἁπᾰλοῦ hapaloû	ἁπᾰλῆς hapalês	ἁπᾰλοῦ hapaloû		ἁπᾰλοῖν hapaloîn	ἁπᾰλαῖν hapalaîn	ἁπᾰλοῖν hapaloîn		ἁπᾰλῶν hapalôn	ἁπᾰλῶν hapalôn	ἁπᾰλῶν hapalôn
Dative		ἁπᾰλῷ hapalôi	ἁπᾰλῇ hapalêi	ἁπᾰλῷ hapalôi		ἁπᾰλοῖν hapaloîn	ἁπᾰλαῖν hapalaîn	ἁπᾰλοῖν hapaloîn		ἁπᾰλοῖς hapaloîs	ἁπᾰλαῖς hapalaîs	ἁπᾰλοῖς hapaloîs
Accusative		ἁπᾰλόν hapalón	ἁπᾰλήν hapalḗn	ἁπᾰλόν hapalón		ἁπᾰλώ hapalṓ	ἁπᾰλᾱ́ hapalā́	ἁπᾰλώ hapalṓ		ἁπᾰλούς hapaloús	ἁπᾰλᾱ́ς hapalā́s	ἁπᾰλᾰ́ hapalá
Vocative		ἁπᾰλέ hapalé	ἁπᾰλή hapalḗ	ἁπᾰλόν hapalón		ἁπᾰλώ hapalṓ	ἁπᾰλᾱ́ hapalā́	ἁπᾰλώ hapalṓ		ἁπᾰλοί hapaloí	ἁπᾰλαί hapalaí	ἁπᾰλᾰ́ hapalá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ἁπᾰλῶς hapalôs				ἁπᾰλώτερος hapalṓteros				ἁπᾰλώτᾰτος hapalṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἁπαλία (hapalía)
• ἁπαλίας (hapalías)
• ἁπαλοανθής (hapaloanthḗs)
• ἁπαλοάω (hapaloáō)
• ἁπαλοβραχής (hapalobrakhḗs)
• ἁπαλόθριξ (hapalóthrix)
• ἁπαλόθροος (hapalóthroos)
• ἁπαλόπαις (hapalópais)
• ἁπαλοπάρηος (hapalopárēos)
• ἁπαλοπλόκαμος (hapaloplókamos)
• ἁπαλόπους (hapalópous)
• ἁπαλόσαρκος (hapalósarkos)
• ἁπαλόστομος (hapalóstomos)
• ἁπαλοσύγκριτος (hapalosúnkritos)
• ἁπαλοσώματος (hapalosṓmatos)
• ἁπαλότης (hapalótēs)
• ἁπαλοτρεφής (hapalotrephḗs)
• ἁπαλοφόρος (hapalophóros)
• ἁπαλόφρων (hapalóphrōn)
• ἁπαλόχροος (hapalókhroos)

 

Descendants

• Greek: απαλός (apalós)

Further reading

• “ἁπαλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἁπαλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἁπαλός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἁπαλός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἁπαλός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἁπαλός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN