根源

Chinese

		radical (chem.); root; basis	root; source; origin
simp. and trad. (根源)		根	源

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gēnyuán

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄣ ㄩㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gan¹ jyun⁴

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîn-ngièn / kîn-ngiàn
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kun-goân / kin-goân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): geng¹ nguang⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gēnyuán
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄣ ㄩㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: genyuán
    • Wade–Giles: kên¹-yüan²
    • Yale: gēn-ywán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: genyuan
    • Palladius: гэньюань (gɛnʹjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kən⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan¹ jyun⁴
    • Yale: gān yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan¹ jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen¹ yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐn⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn-ngièn
    • Hakka Romanization System: gin´ ngienˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gin¹ ngian²
    • Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴ ŋi̯en¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn-ngiàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: gin´ ngianˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gin¹ ngian²
    • Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴ ŋi̯an¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun-goân
    • Tâi-lô: kun-guân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kun'goaan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kun⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kun⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³ ɡuan²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin-goân
    • Tâi-lô: kin-guân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kin'goaan
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kin⁴⁴⁻²² ɡuan¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡuan²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: geng¹ nguang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳng nguâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɯŋ³³⁻²³ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

Noun

根源

1. root; cause; source; origin

   找到事情的根源  ―  zhǎo dào shìqíng de gēnyuán  ―  to get to the root of the matter

   • 詔曰：「此乃學者之根源，不朽之永格，垂範將來，憲章之本，便可一依公表。」 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     诏曰：「此乃学者之根源，不朽之永格，垂范将来，宪章之本，便可一依公表。」 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wei Shou, Book of Wei, 551 – 554 CE

     Zhào yuē: “Cǐ nǎi xuézhě zhī gēnyuán, bùxiǔ zhī yǒng gé, chuífàn jiānglái, xiànzhāng zhī běn, biànkě yī yī gōngbiǎo.” [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• 來源／来源 (láiyuán)
• 出處／出处 (chūchù)
• 基本 (jīběn)
• 大本 (dàběn) (literary)
• 本源 (běnyuán)
• 根 (gēn)
• 根本 (gēnběn)
• 根頭／根头 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 泉源 (quányuán)
• 淵源／渊源 (yuānyuán)
• 源 (yuán) (literary, or in compounds)
• 源泉 (yuánquán) (figurative)
• 源頭／源头 (yuántóu) (figurative)
• 濫觴／滥觞 (lànshāng) (literary)
• 由來／由来 (yóulái)
• 起源 (qǐyuán)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (根源):

• → Japanese: 根源(こんげん) (kongen)
• → Korean: 근원(根源) (geunwon)
• → Vietnamese: căn nguyên (根源)

Others:

• → Vietnamese: cội nguồn (calque)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
根	源
こん Grade: 3	げん Grade: 6
on’yomi

Alternative spellings
根元 根原

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 根源 (MC kon ngjwon).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こんげ​ん [kòńgéꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3])
• (Tokyo) こんげん [kòńgéń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kõ̞ŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

根(こん)源(げん) • (kongen) 

1. root, cause, source, origin

   Synonyms: 大本, 根本

   悪(あく)の根源(こんげん)は格(かく)差(さ)にある。

   Aku no kongen wa kakusa ni aru.

   The source of evil is in disparity.

Derived terms

• 根源的(こんげんてき) (kongenteki)

Korean

Hanja in this term
根	源

Noun

根源 • (geunwon) (hangeul 근원)

1. Hanja form^? of 근원 (“root, cause, source, origin”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
根	源

Noun

根源

1. chữ Hán form of căn nguyên (“origin; source; initial cause”).