災害

See also: 灾害

Chinese

		disaster; calamity	to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity
trad. (災害)		災	害
simp. (灾害)		灾	害

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zāihài

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄞ ㄏㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi¹ hoi⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): châi-hoi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chai-hāi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zai¹ hai⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zāihài
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄞ ㄏㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zaihài
    • Wade–Giles: tsai¹-hai⁴
    • Yale: dzāi-hài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaihay
    • Palladius: цзайхай (czajxaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zoi¹ hoi⁶
    • Yale: jōi hoih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi¹ hoi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zoi¹ hoi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ hɔːi̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: châi-hoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: zai´ hoi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zai¹ hoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ hoi̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chai-hāi
    • Tâi-lô: tsai-hāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zai'hai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai³³ hai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² hai²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ hai³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ hai³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zai¹ hai⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsai hāi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai³³⁻²³ hai¹¹/

Noun

災害

1. disaster; calamity; catastrophe (Classifier: 場／场; 次; 種／种)

Synonyms

• 亂兒／乱儿 (luànr) (dialectal)
• 人禍／人祸 (rénhuò) (man-made disaster)
• 劫 (jié) (Buddhism)
• 劫煞 (Hokkien)
• 劫難／劫难 (jiénàn)
• 厄 (literary, or in compounds)
• 大禍／大祸 (dàhuò) (major catastrophe)
• 大難／大难 (dànàn) (major catastrophe)
• 天災／天灾 (tiānzāi) (natural disaster)
• 央厄 (yāng'è) (literary)
• 奇禍／奇祸 (qíhuò) (literary, unexpected disaster)
• 巨禍／巨祸 (jùhuò) (literary)
• 患 (huàn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 慘事／惨事 (cǎnshì)
• 慘劇／惨剧 (cǎnjù)
• 慘禍／惨祸 (cǎnhuò) (tragic accident)
• 沙𧐔 (Teochew)
• 浩劫 (hàojié)
• 災／灾 (zāi) (literary, or in compounds)
• 災劫／灾劫 (zāijié) (literary)
• 災厄／灾厄 (zāi'è) (literary)
• 災殃／灾殃 (zāiyāng)
• 災禍／灾祸 (zāihuò)
• 災變／灾变 (zāibiàn) (literary, natural disaster)
• 災難／灾难 (zāinàn)
• 癰疽／痈疽 (yōngjū) (figurative)
• 眚沴 (shěnglì) (literary)
• 禍／祸 (huò) (literary, or in compounds)
• 禍事／祸事 (huòshì)
• 禍害／祸害 (huòhài)
• 禍息／祸息 (ho⁵ si⁶) (Xiang)
• 禍患／祸患 (huòhuàn)
• 禍殃／祸殃 (huòyāng)

 

Derived terms

• 地質災害／地质灾害 (dìzhì zāihài)
• 自然災害／自然灾害 (zìrán zāihài)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
災	害
さい Grade: 5	がい Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sa̠iɡa̠i]

Noun

災(さい)害(がい) • (saigai) 

1. disaster
   • 2015 September 14, Kaori Shoji, “When disaster strikes in Japan, keep calm and carry a diaper”, in The Japan Times‎^[1], retrieved 2023-04-11:

     Consider the word saigai (災害, disaster), comprised of the kanji characters wazawai (災い, mishap or bad luck) and gai (害, hazard).