๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ

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Gothic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From ๐Œฟ๐ƒ- (us-, โ€œout-โ€) +‎ ๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ (runs, โ€œrunโ€). The sense of "east", may be a semantic loan from Koine Greek แผ€ฮฝฮฑฯ„ฮฟฮปฮฎ (anatolแธ—).

Noun

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๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ โ€ข (urrunsm

  1. rise (of a celestial body: appearance of moving from behind the horizon) (particularly of the Sun)
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 1.78:[1]
      ๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œน๐‚๐Œท ๐Œน๐Œฝ๐†๐Œด๐Œน๐Œฝ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œณ๐Œด๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œฐ๐‚๐Œผ๐Œฐ๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐‚๐„๐Œด๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œฒ๐Œฟ๐Œณ๐Œน๐ƒ ๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐‚๐Œน๐ƒ, ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œผ๐Œผ๐Œด๐Œน ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐…๐Œด๐Œน๐ƒ๐‰๐Œธ ๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐‚๐Œฐ ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ ๐Œฟ๐ƒ ๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œฟ๐Œท๐Œน๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œน,
      รพairh infeinandein armahairtein gudis unsaris, in รพammei gaweisลรพ unsara urruns us hauhiรพai,
      Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us, (KJV).
  2. (by extension, uncountable) the east (compass point)
    Antonym: ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œฒ๐Œฒ๐Œต๐Œฐ (saggqa)
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 8.11:[2]
      ๐Œฐ๐Œธ๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ ๐Œต๐Œน๐Œธ๐Œฐ ๐Œน๐Œถ๐…๐Œน๐ƒ ๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐„๐Œด๐Œน ๐Œผ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œฐ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐Œน ๐†๐‚๐Œฐ๐Œผ ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œฐ ๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œท ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œฒ๐Œฒ๐Œต๐Œฐ ๐Œต๐Œน๐Œผ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œณ, ๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œท ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œฐ๐Œบ๐Œฟ๐Œผ๐Œฑ๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œณ ๐Œผ๐Œน๐Œธ ๐Œฐ๐Œฑ๐‚๐Œฐ๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œผ๐Œฐ ๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œท ๐Œน๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œบ๐Œฐ ๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œท ๐Œน๐Œฐ๐Œบ๐‰๐Œฑ๐Œฐ ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œธ๐Œน๐Œฟ๐Œณ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐‚๐Œณ๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œน ๐Œท๐Œน๐Œผ๐Œน๐Œฝ๐Œด:
      aรพรพan qiรพa izwis รพatei managai fram urrunsa jah saggqa qimand, jah anakumbjand miรพ abrahama jah isaka jah iakลba in รพiudangardjai himinฤ“:
      And I say unto you, That many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven. (KJV).
  3. toilet, latrine (fixture used for urination and defecation) (translating แผ€ฯ†ฮตฮดฯฯŽฮฝ (aphedrแน“n))
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 7.19:[3]
      ๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐„๐Œด ๐Œฝ๐Œน ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐Œป๐Œด๐Œน๐Œธ๐Œน๐Œธ ๐Œน๐Œผ๐Œผ๐Œฐ ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œท๐Œฐ๐Œน๐‚๐„๐‰, ๐Œฐ๐Œบ ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐…๐Œฐ๐Œผ๐Œฑ๐Œฐ, ๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œท ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œฐ ๐Œฟ๐ƒ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐Œฒ๐Œฒ๐Œน๐Œธ, ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐Œท๐‚๐Œฐ๐Œน๐Œฝ๐Œด๐Œน๐Œธ ๐Œฐ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐ƒ ๐Œผ๐Œฐ๐„๐Œน๐Œฝ๐ƒ.
      untฤ“ ni galeiรพiรพ imma in hairtล, ak in wamba, jah in urrunsa usgaggiรพ, gahraineiรพ allans matins.
      Because it entereth not into his heart, but into the belly, and goeth out into the draught, purging all meats? (KJV).
Declension
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Only attested in the nominative singular ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ (urruns) and in the dative singular ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œฐ (urrunsa); the declension of this noun seems thus to have been corrupted by the noun below, as one would expect the dative singular to be *๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐Œฐ, in accordance with the derivational base ๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ (runs) (dative ๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐Œฐ (runa)). Furthermore, it is not known whether this noun was an a-stem or an i-stem.

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See also
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Etymology 2

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From ๐Œฟ๐ƒ- (us-, โ€œout-โ€) +‎ Proto-Germanic *runsiz (โ€œstream, courseโ€).

Noun

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๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ โ€ข (urrunsf

  1. (hapax) departure (death)
    Synonym: ๐Œณ๐Œฐ๐Œฟ๐Œธ๐Œฟ๐ƒ (dauรพus)
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 9.31:[4]
      ๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œน ๐Œฒ๐Œฐ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œน๐ˆ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ๐ƒ ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œธ๐Œฐ๐Œฟ ๐Œต๐Œด๐Œธ๐Œฟ๐Œฝ ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ ๐Œน๐ƒ, ๐Œธ๐‰๐Œด๐Œน ๐ƒ๐Œบ๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œณ๐Œฐ ๐Œฟ๐ƒ๐†๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œพ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ ๐Œน๐Œฝ ๐Œน๐Œฐ๐Œน๐‚๐Œฟ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œป๐Œด๐Œผ.
      รพai gasaiฦ•anans in wulรพau qฤ“รพun urruns is, รพลei skulda usfulljan in iairusalฤ“m.
      Who appeared in glory, and spake of his decease which he should accomplish at Jerusalem. (KJV).
Usage notes
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While the term is only used with the sense of "death" in the single place where it appears, it may, like its Greek model แผ”ฮพฮฟฮดฮฟฯ‚ (รฉxodos), also have meant "departure" in the sense of "action of going out or going away, or leaving" and been used for "death" only euphemistically. This, however, need not necessarily be the case; compare ๐Œฟ๐ƒ๐Œต๐Œน๐Œผ๐Œฐ๐Œฝ (usqiman, โ€œto killโ€).

Declension
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Feminine i-stem
Singular Plural
Nominative ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
urruns
๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œด๐Œน๐ƒ
urrunseis
Vocative ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
urruns
๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œด๐Œน๐ƒ
urrunseis
Accusative ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ
urruns
๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œน๐Œฝ๐ƒ
urrunsins
Genitive ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œน๐ƒ
urrunsais
๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œด
urrunsฤ“
Dative ๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œฐ๐Œน
urrunsai
๐Œฟ๐‚๐‚๐Œฟ๐Œฝ๐ƒ๐Œน๐Œผ
urrunsim
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References

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  1. ^ Luke chapter 1 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
  2. ^ Matthew chapter 8 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
  3. ^ Mark chapter 7 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
  4. ^ Luke chapter 9 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.

Further reading

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  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wรถrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winterโ€™s Universitรคtsbuchhandlung, p. 161