-어라

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See also: 어라

Korean

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Alternative forms

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  • 여라 (-yeora)used after 하다 (hada) verbs and adjectives

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?eora
Revised Romanization (translit.)?eola
McCune–Reischauer?ŏra
Yale Romanization?ela

Etymology 1

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From Middle Korean 어〮 (Yale: , infinitive suffix) + 라〮 (Yale: -lá, imperative mood suffix).

Suffix

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Ablaut/harmonic pair
Yin-form 어라 (-eora)
Yang-form 아라 (-ara)

어라 (-eora)

  1. a plain-style imperative suffix.
    천천히 어라, 체할.
    cheoncheonhi meogeora, chehalla.
    Slow down; you may suffer from indigestion.
    그렇 아라. 대로 .
    neo-neun geureo-ke sarara. na-neun nadaero sal-get-da.
    As for you, live like that. I'll live my own way.
Usage notes
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  • For vowel harmony, contractions, and allomorphy, see 아/어/여 (-a/eo/yeo).
  • 어라 (-eora) cannot be used with the tense markers (-get-) and (-eot-).
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Etymology 2

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From Middle Korean 에/애 (Yale: -èy/ày, exclamatory suffix) + 라〮 (Yale: -lá, alternative form of declarative mood suffix 다〮 (-tá)).

The fusion is sometimes analyzed as already having occurred in Middle Korean.

Suffix

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Ablaut/harmonic pair
Yin-form 어라 (-eora)
Yang-form 아라 (-ara)

어라 (-eora)

  1. a plain-style exclamatory ending for verbs and adjectives; not specifically addressed to another person and particularly common when talking to oneself; mainly used in colloquial speech.
    멀리 생각 정말 외로워라!
    meolli in-neun neo saenggag-i deur-eo jeongmal oerowora!
    How truly lonely I am to think of you who are far away!
Usage notes
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  • For vowel harmony, contractions, and allomorphy, see 아/어/여 (-a/eo/yeo).
  • 어라 (-eora) cannot be used with the tense markers (-get-) and (-eot-).
  • The Standard Korean Language Dictionary claims that this ending can only occur on adjectives, but Jeong 2001 gives several examples in which it is undeniably applied to verbs. See also the quotations above of verbal usage in major contemporary literature.
See also
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References

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  • 정재영 (Jeong Jae-yeong) (2001) “()() ()()()()()”, in Jindan hakbo, volume 92, pages 293—325