-shëm

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See also: shem and Shem

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Tosk dialect, from Proto-Albanian *-(i)sama,[1] which may be from either:

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-shëm m (feminine -shme)

  1. Makes masculine adjectives from verbs and nouns. The most common meaning the suffix carries is comparable to -able in English.
    këndje (delight) + ‎-shëm → ‎këndshëm (pleasant, delightful)
    zellje (zeal) + ‎-shëm → ‎zellshëm (zealous)

Usage notes

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While there are certain exceptions, there are some general rules for adding this suffix.

  • Verbs that end in -oj generally replace -oj with -ueshëm.
    adhuroj (I adore; I worship) + ‎-shëm → ‎adhurueshëm (absorbing, fascinating; adorable, charming, lovely)
    admiroj (I admire) + ‎-shëm → ‎admirueshëm (admirable; delightful, lovely)
  • Verbs ending in -ej will replace the -ej with -yeshëm.
    shkëlqej (I excel; I shine, glow) + ‎-shëm → ‎shkëlqyeshëm (excellent, brilliant; bright, brilliant)

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 164