Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/o(b)pora

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Deverbal of *o(b)perti (“to recline, to lean”), derived from *perti (“to push, to press”)

Noun

*o(b)pora f

1. support, basis, foothold

Declension

Declension of *o(b)pora (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*o(b)pora	*o(b)porě	*o(b)pory
genitive	*o(b)pory	*o(b)poru	*o(b)porъ
dative	*o(b)porě	*o(b)porama	*o(b)poramъ
accusative	*o(b)porǫ	*o(b)porě	*o(b)pory
instrumental	*o(b)porojǫ, *o(b)porǫ**	*o(b)porama	*o(b)porami
locative	*o(b)porě	*o(b)poru	*o(b)porasъ, *o(b)poraxъ*
vocative	*o(b)poro	*o(b)porě	*o(b)pory

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: апо́ра (apóra); опо́ра (opóra) (dialectal)
  • Russian: опо́ра (opóra)
  • Ukrainian: опо́ра (opóra)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: опо̀ра (opòra)
  • Macedonian: опора (opora)
  • Old Serbo-Croatian: opora
  • Slovene: opôra (tonal orthography); ḁpûǝrḁ (dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: opora
    • Czech: opora
  • Old Polish: opora
    • Polish: opora (obsolete)
  • Slovak: opora

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (2001), “*obpora”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 28 (*oblězti – *obpovědanьje), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 260
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “опо́ра”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress