κάθημαι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κᾰτῆμαι (katêmai) — Ionic

Etymology

From κᾰτᾰ- (kata-, “down”) +‎ ἧμαι (hêmai, “to sit”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ká.tʰɛː.mai̯/ → /ˈka.θi.mɛ/ → /ˈka.θi.me/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ká.tʰɛː.mai̯/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈka.tʰe̝.mɛ/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈka.θi.mɛ/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈka.θi.me/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈka.θi.me/

Verb

κᾰ́θημαι • (káthēmai)

1. to be seated
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.191
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.407
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.82
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.207
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.448
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.497
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.530
   • 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 466
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.420
   • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 411
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.83
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.118
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.73
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.149
   • 458 BCE, Euripides, Electra 315
   • 412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 1084
   • 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 773
   • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 328C
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.5.54
   • Alciphron, Collected Works 3.27
   • 430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 55
   • 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 266
   • 430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 394
   1. to be seated in court
      • 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, Collected Works 18.13
      • 344 BCE – 343 BCE, Demosthenes, Second Philippic 3
      • 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 208
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.85
      • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 35C
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Theocrines 25
      • 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, Collected Works 6.42
      • 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 116
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.10.5
      • Hegesipp., Ἀδελφ. 1.29
      2. (present participle) οἱ καθήμενοι (kathḗmenoi): the judges
   2. to sit still, sit quietly, sit idly, do nothing
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.264
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.76
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.45
      • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 380
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.403
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.134
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.124
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Reply to Philip 17
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.20
      • 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 752
   3. to lead a sedentary, obscure life
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 1.133, (compare Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 919)
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Oeconomicus 4.2
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.86
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Timotheus 42, (compare Against Stephanus 1 33)
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Neaera 67
      • 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Collected Works 6.18
   4. (of people) to be settled
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.63
   5. (of things) to be set or placed
      • 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 215A
      • 5th century BC, Telecleides, Sterrhoi 2
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Mechanics 5.3

Inflection

The perfect and pluperfect function as the verb's present and imperfect tenses.
The missing tenses are supplied by καθέζομαι, καθίζω, καθίζομαι.

   Perfect: κάθημαι (with present subjunctive and optative forms)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	κάθημαι	κάθησαι	κάθηται	κάθησθον	κάθησθον	καθήμεθᾰ	κάθησθε	κάθηνται
	subjunctive	καθῶμαι	καθῇ	καθῆται	καθῆσθον	καθῆσθον	καθώμεθᾰ	καθῆσθε	καθῶνται
	optative	καθοίμην	καθοῖο	καθοῖτο	καθοῖσθον	καθοίσθην	καθοίμεθᾰ	καθοῖσθε	καθοῖντο
	imperative		κάθησο/κάθου	καθήσθω	κάθησθον	καθήσθων		κάθησθε	καθήσθων/καθήσθωσαν
						middle/passive
infinitive						καθῆσθαι
participle	m					καθήμενος
	f					καθήμενη
	n					καθήμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Pluperfect: ἐκαθήμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐκαθήμην	ἐκάθησο	ἐκάθητο	ἐκάθησθον	ἐκαθήσθην	ἐκαθήμεθᾰ	ἐκάθησθε	ἐκάθηντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Pluperfect: καθήμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	καθήμην	καθῆσο	καθῆστο/καθῆτο	καθῆσθον	καθήσθην	καθήμεθᾰ	καθῆσθε	καθῆντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Synonyms

• κᾰθέζομαι (kathézomai), ἕζομαι (hézomai, “sit oneself, sit down”)
• κᾰ́θημαι (káthēmai), ἧμαι (hêmai, “to be seated”)
• κᾰθῐζᾰ́νω (kathizánō), ῐ̔ζᾰ́νω (hizánō, “to cause to sit, to sit down”)
• κᾰθῐ́ζω (kathízō), ῐ̔́ζω (hízō, “to cause to sit, to sit down”)

Related terms

• καθέδρα (kathédra)

Descendants

• Greek: κάθομαι (káthomai, “to sit”)

References

• “κάθημαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κάθημαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κάθημαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κάθημαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κάθημαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “κάθημαι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G2521 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 790