どこ

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See also: どご, とこ, and とご

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Alternative spellings
何処
何所

⟨iduku⟩/id͡zuku//id͡zuko//idoko//doko/

Shift from earlier いどこ (idoko) and いずこ (izuko), ultimately from Old Japanese-derived いずく (izuku) of the same meaning; by analogy of pronouns ここ (koko) and そこ (soko) having two morae in length, therefore the drop of the initial i-.

Compare the shift of いずち (izuchi)どちら (dochira).

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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どこ (doko

  1. indefinite interrogative pronoun:
    1. points to unknown or unspecified locations: where..., which [noun]...
      (しん)宿(じゅく)(えき)どこですか。Shinjuku-eki wa doko desu ka.Where is Shinjuku Station?
      アメリカの(しゅ)()どこですか。Amerika no shuto wa doko desu ka.Which city is the capital of the United States?
      どこ(いた)いですか。doko ga itai desu ka.Which part of your body aches?
    2. points to objects belonging to an uncertain group: which [collective noun]...
      (こん)()どこどこ(たたか)いますか。Kon'ya wa doko to doko ga tatakaimasu ka.Which team plays which tonight?
  2. (added before a particle) indefinite demonstrative pronoun: anywhere, everywhere, somewhere
Usage notes
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Derived terms
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Idioms
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Proverbs
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See also
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Adverb

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どこ (doko

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

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Alternative spelling

First cited to a 洒落本 (sharebon) text in 1790.[2]

The suffix senses are derived from the rendaku (連濁) form of とこ (-toko), a colloquial stem indicating a circumstance, moment, place, point, and many others.[2]

Particle

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どこ (doko

  1. (informal, with a usually negative sentence) Short for どころ (dokoro): indicates rejection to an out of the question word or phrase: the extent of, the place of, the time of
Derived terms
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Suffix

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どこ (-doko

  1. (attached to nouns, stem forms of verbs, or stems of adjectives) expresses equivalence, worth, etc.: befitting..., deserving..., worthy of...
  2. (after a personal pronoun) one's family, home, or household

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of どこ – see the following entries: 土戸, 土鼓, 奴袴

(The following entries are uncreated: 土戸, 土鼓, 奴袴.)

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN