Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/němьcь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *němъ (“mute”) +‎ *-ьcь. The word therefore meant "someone unable to speak [Slavic]"; however, some hypotheses hold this was an observation on the relative stoic personalities of some Germanic tribesmen.

Noun

*němьcь m

1. foreigner, non-Slav
2. specifically, a member of the Germanic peoples

Declension

Declension of *němьcь (soft o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*němьcь	*němьca	*němьci
genitive	*němьca	*němьcu	*němьcь
dative	*němьcu	*němьcema	*němьcemъ
accusative	*němьcь	*němьca	*němьcę̇
instrumental	*němьcьmь, *němьcemь*	*němьcema	*němьci
locative	*němьci	*němьcu	*němьcixъ
vocative	*němьče	*němьca	*němьci

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *němьčьskъ

Antonyms

• *slověninъ
• *volxъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: нѣмьць (němĭcĭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: нѣмецъ (němecʹ), нѣмець (němecʹ)
      • Belarusian: не́мец (njémjec)
      • Ukrainian: ні́мець (nímecʹ)
    • Russian: не́мец (némec)
  • Old Novgorodian: нѣмьць (němĭcĭ), нимьць (nimĭcĭ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: нѣмьць (němĭcĭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⱀⱑⰿⱐⱌⱐ (němĭcĭ)

  • Bulgarian: немец (nemec)
  • Macedonian: Немец (Nemec)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: Не́мац, Није́мац

    Latin script: Némac, Nijémac

  • Slovene: Nẹ́məc (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: Němec
  • Kashubian: Miemc
  • Lower Sorbian: Nimc
  • Masurian: Niéniec
  • Polish: Niemiec
  • Silesian: Mjymjec
  • Slovak: Nemec
  • Upper Sorbian: Němc

• Non-Slavic:
  • → German: Nimptsch (surname with many variants)
  • → Hungarian: német
  • → Ottoman Turkish: نمچه (nemçe) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Romanian: neamț