νεῖκος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *neyk- (“to attack, start vehemently”), cognate with Lithuanian ap-nìkti (“to attack”), su-nìkti (“to attack”), Latvian nikns (“bad, grim, vehement”), Albanian nis, and possibly Russian в-никнуть (v-niknutʹ), про-никнуть (pro-niknutʹ). Or else Pre-Greek. See also νίκη (níkē).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /nêː.kos/ → /ˈni.kos/ → /ˈni.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /nêː.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈni.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈni.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈni.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈni.kos/

Noun

νεῖκος • (neîkos) n (genitive νείκους); third declension

1. quarrel, wrangle, strife
2. strife of words, railing, abuse, taunt, reproach
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.483
3. strife of law, dispute before a judge
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.440
4. battle, fight
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.444

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ νεῖκος; τοῦ νείκους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ νεῖκος tò neîkos	τὼ νείκει tṑ neíkei	τᾰ̀ νείκη tà neíkē
Genitive	τοῦ νείκους toû neíkous	τοῖν νεικοῖν toîn neikoîn	τῶν νεικῶν tôn neikôn
Dative	τῷ νείκει tôi neíkei	τοῖν νεικοῖν toîn neikoîn	τοῖς νείκεσῐ / νείκεσῐν toîs neíkesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ νεῖκος tò neîkos	τὼ νείκει tṑ neíkei	τᾰ̀ νείκη tà neíkē
Vocative	νεῖκος neîkos	νείκει neíkei	νείκη neíkē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of νεῖκος; νείκεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	νεῖκος neîkos	νείκει / νείκεε neíkei / neíkee	νείκεᾰ neíkea
Genitive	νείκεος / νείκευς neíkeos / neíkeus	νεικοῖν neikoîn	νεικέων neikéōn
Dative	νείκει / νείκεῐ̈ neíkei / neíkeï	νεικοῖν neikoîn	νείκεσῐ / νείκεσῐν neíkesi(n)
Accusative	νεῖκος neîkos	νείκει / νείκεε neíkei / neíkee	νείκεᾰ neíkea
Vocative	νεῖκος neîkos	νείκει / νείκεε neíkei / neíkee	νείκεᾰ neíkea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• νεικέω (neikéō)
• Πολυνείκης (Poluneíkēs)

Further reading

• “νεῖκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “νεῖκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “νεῖκος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• νεῖκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• νεῖκος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “νεῖκος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bickering idem, page 78.
  • brawl idem, page 94.
  • broil idem, page 100.
  • contention idem, page 167.
  • controversy idem, page 170.
  • coolness idem, page 173.
  • difference idem, page 223.
  • disagreement idem, page 227.
  • discord idem, page 230.
  • discussion idem, page 232.
  • dispute idem, page 238.
  • dissension idem, page 239.
  • feud idem, page 317.
  • quarrel idem, page 663.
  • strife idem, page 825.
  • variance idem, page 944.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN