πεῖρα

See also: πείρα

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pêː.ra/ → /ˈpi.ra/ → /ˈpi.ra/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pêː.ra/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ra/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ra/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ra/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ra/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Hellenic *peřřa, from Proto-Indo-European *pér-ih₂ ~ *pr̥-yéh₂s, from *per- (“to try, risk”) +‎ *-ih₂. Cognate with Old Armenian փորձ (pʻorj, “attempt, try”), Latin perīculum (“trial, risk”), Proto-Germanic *fērō (“danger”).

Noun

πεῖρᾰ • (peîra) f (genitive πείρᾱς); first declension

1. trial, experiment, attempt

Inflection

First declension of ἡ πεῖρᾰ; τῆς πείρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πεῖρᾰ hē peîra	τὼ πείρᾱ tṑ peírā	αἱ πεῖραι hai peîrai
Genitive	τῆς πείρᾱς tês peírās	τοῖν πείραιν toîn peírain	τῶν πειρῶν tôn peirôn
Dative	τῇ πείρᾳ têi peírāi	τοῖν πείραιν toîn peírain	ταῖς πείραις taîs peírais
Accusative	τὴν πεῖρᾰν tḕn peîran	τὼ πείρᾱ tṑ peírā	τᾱ̀ς πείρᾱς tā̀s peírās
Vocative	πεῖρᾰ peîra	πείρᾱ peírā	πεῖραι peîrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• πειράζω (peirázō)
• πειράομαι (peiráomai)
• πειρητίζω (peirētízō)
• πειρᾱτής (peirātḗs)

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

πεῖρα • (peîra)

1. (Epic) first-person singular aorist present active unaugmented of πείρω (peírō)

Further reading

• “πεῖρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πεῖρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πεῖρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “πεῖρα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G3984 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • attempt idem, page 50.
  • effort idem, page 263.
  • endeavour idem, page 272.
  • enterprise idem, page 277.
  • essay idem, page 282.
  • experiment idem, page 294.
  • foretaste idem, page 337.
  • proof idem, page 653.
  • test idem, page 863.
  • trial idem, page 893.
  • trying idem, page 899.
  • undertaking idem, page 914.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1162f
• “πεῖρα”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011