φαρκίς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The word has been compared with Latin fricō (“I rub, chafe”), Lithuanian brūkis (“stroke, line”) and braūkti (“to strike, rub”), but this is formally hardly possible. Possibly from Pre-Greek. The connection with φορκόν (phorkón, “grey; wrinkled”) is quite uncertain.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰar.kǐːs/ → /ɸarˈcis/ → /farˈcis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰar.kǐːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰarˈkis/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸarˈcis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /farˈcis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /farˈcis/

Noun

φαρκῑ́ς • (pharkī́s) f (genitive φαρκῖδος); third declension

1. wrinkle, crease in the skin

   Synonym: ῥυτίς (rhutís)

Declension

Third declension of ἡ φαρκῑ́ς; τῆς φαρκῖδος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ φαρκῑ́ς hē pharkī́s	τὼ φαρκῖδε tṑ pharkîde	αἱ φαρκῖδες hai pharkîdes
Genitive	τῆς φαρκῖδος tês pharkîdos	τοῖν φαρκῑ́δοιν toîn pharkī́doin	τῶν φαρκῑ́δων tôn pharkī́dōn
Dative	τῇ φαρκῖδῐ têi pharkîdi	τοῖν φαρκῑ́δοιν toîn pharkī́doin	ταῖς φαρκῖσῐ / φαρκῖσῐν taîs pharkîsi(n)
Accusative	τὴν φαρκῖδᾰ tḕn pharkîda	τὼ φαρκῖδε tṑ pharkîde	τᾱ̀ς φαρκῖδᾰς tā̀s pharkîdas
Vocative	φαρκῑ́ς pharkī́s	φαρκῖδε pharkîde	φαρκῖδες pharkîdes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Derived terms

• φαρκῑδόομαι (pharkīdóomai)
• φαρκῑδώδης (pharkīdṓdēs)

 

References

• “φαρκίς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• φαρκίς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN