हि

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Awadhi

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit हि ().

Postposition

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हि (hi)

  1. marks the dative case: to, for
    जिन्हाहिjinhāhito whom

Khaling

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Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-hjwəj-t.

Noun

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हि (hi)

  1. blood

References

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  • हि”, in खालिङ - नेपाली - अङ्‍ग्रेजी शब्दकोश (Khaling - Nepali - English Dictionary), Nepal: SIL International, 2016.

Newar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-hjwəj-t.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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हि (hi? (Newa Spelling 𑐴𑐶)

  1. blood

Pali

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Alternative forms

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Conjunction

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हि

  1. Devanagari script form of hi (because)

Adverb

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हि

  1. Devanagari script form of hi (certainly)

Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰey- (to throw, drive, wound).

Root

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हि (hi)

  1. to send forth, impel, urge on, hasten on
  2. to stimulate or incite to
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Derived terms
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References

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  • Monier Williams (1899) “हि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1297,1303.
  • William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 205
  • Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “हि”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
  • Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “हि”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰí, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰí, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi.

Pronunciation

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Particle

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हि ()

  1. for, because, on account of (never standing first in a sentence, but generally after the first word and used enclitically, sometimes after pronouns)
    सर्वो हि पृतना जिगीषति (sárvo hí pṛ́tanā jígīṣati)for everybody wishes to win battles
    भवान् हि प्रमाणम् (bhavān hi pramāṇam)for your honour is the authority
    तथा हि (tathā hi)for example; accordingly
    न हि (ná hí), नहि (nahí)for not; not at all
  2. just, pray, do (with an imperative or potential emphatically; sometimes with indicative)
    पश्यामो हि (paśyāmo hi)we will just see
  3. indeed, assuredly, surely, of course, certainly
    हि वै (hí vaí)most assuredly
    हि – तु (hi – tu), हि – पुनर् (hi – punar)indeed – but
  4. often a mere expletive, especially to avoid a hiatus, sometimes repeated in the same sentence; hi is also said to be an interjection of "envy", "contempt", "hurry" etc.
Descendants
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  • Awadhi: हि (hi)
  • ⇒ Hindustani:

References

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  • Monier Williams (1899) “हि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1297/3.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 814-5