ตรีทูต

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Thai

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14th century Korean painting depicting underworld bureaucrats
underworld bureaucracy in Indian art, circa 1800

Etymology

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From ตรี (dtrii, third) +‎ ทูต (tûut, agent; envoy; representative); literally "third agent", etc. Compare Khmer ត្រីទូត (trəytuut).

There are several suggestions regarding the origin of the first sense of the noun:[1][2]

  • It was from the traditional belief that the underworld bureaucracy will send four officials to bring the soul of a dead person down to the underworld court for judgment. The visitation of the third official means a person's death is approaching.
  • It was from the traditional belief that everyone has in his body four spirits called เจตภูต (jèet-dtà-pûut). When anyone is about to die, the spirits will leave his body one by one. As the third spirit has left, it means his condition is extremely worse and his death is impending.
  • It is a corruption of the term ตรีโทษ (dtrii-tôot, condition of being heavily ill that death is imminent, literally three penalties).

Pronunciation

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Orthographicตรีทูต
t r ī d ū t
Phonemic
ตฺรี-ทูด
t ̥ r ī – d ū ɗ
RomanizationPaiboondtrii-tûut
Royal Institutetri-thut
(standard) IPA(key)/triː˧.tʰuːt̚˥˩/(R)

Noun

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ตรีทูต (dtrii-tûut)

  1. (medicine) moribundity: state of being on the verge of death.
  2. (politics and archaic) the third highest ranking member of a diplomatic mission after ราชทูต (râat-chá-tûut) and อุปทูต (ùp-bpà-tûut).

References

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  1. ^ ดำรง เพ็ชรพลาย. (๒๕๑๖–๒๕๑๗). "ตรีทูต ๒–อาการ". สารานุกรมไทยฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน, (เล่ม ๑๒: ดี.ดี.ที–ตั๋วแลกเงิน). ปราณบุรี: โรงพิมพ์ศูนย์การทหารราบ. หน้า ๘๖๘–๘๖๙.
  2. ^ ประเสริฐ กังสดาลย์. (๒๕๐๓–๒๕๐๔). "เข้าตรีทูต". สารานุกรมไทยฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน, (เล่ม ๔: ข่อย–คมนาคม). พระนคร: โรงพิมพ์รุ่งเรืองธรรม. หน้า ๒๑๙๗–๒๒๐๐.