ἀτράφαξυς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἀδράφαξυς (adráphaxus), ἀνδράφαξυς (andráphaxus), ἀτράφαξις (atráphaxis)

Etymology

Clearly a Pre-Greek word, as is shown by the variation δ/τ and the prenasalization.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.trá.pʰak.sys/ → /aˈtra.ɸak.sys/ → /aˈtra.fak.sis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.trá.pʰak.sys/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈtra.pʰak.sys/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈtra.ɸak.sys/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈtra.fak.sys/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈtra.fak.sis/

Noun

ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠς • (atráphaxus) f (genitive ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠος); third declension

1. orach (Atriplex rosea)

   Synonym: χρῡσολᾰ́χᾰνον (khrūsolákhanon)

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠς; τῆς ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠς hē atráphaxus	τὼ ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠε tṑ atrapháxue	αἱ ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠες hai atrapháxues
Genitive	τῆς ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠος tês atrapháxuos	τοῖν ἀτρᾰφᾰξῠ́οιν toîn atraphaxúoin	τῶν ἀτρᾰφᾰξῠ́ων tôn atraphaxúōn
Dative	τῇ ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠῐ̈ / ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξυι têi atrapháxuï / atrapháxui	τοῖν ἀτρᾰφᾰξῠ́οιν toîn atraphaxúoin	ταῖς ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠσῐ / ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠσῐν taîs atrapháxusi(n)
Accusative	τὴν ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠν tḕn atráphaxun	τὼ ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠε tṑ atrapháxue	τᾱ̀ς ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῡς / ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠᾰς tā̀s atrapháxūs / atrapháxuas
Vocative	ἀτρᾰ́φᾰξῠ atráphaxu	ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠε atrapháxue	ἀτρᾰφᾰ́ξῠες atrapháxues
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

→ Latin: atriplex

• Old French: arace, arepe
  • French: arroche
  • → Middle English: arage
    • English: orach
• → Translingual: Atriplex

Further reading

• “ἀτράφαξυς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀτράφαξυς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀτράφαξυς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀτράφαξυς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 164