醱

See also: 酦 and 醗

醱 U+91B1, 醱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91B1 ← 醰 [U+91B0] CJK Unified Ideographs 醲 → [U+91B2]

Translingual

Traditional	醱
Shinjitai (extended)	醗
Simplified	酦

Han character

醱 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 一田弓人水 (MWNOE), four-corner 1264₇, composition ⿰酉發)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1288, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40041
• Dae Jaweon: page 1788, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3599, character 9
• Unihan data for U+91B1

Chinese

trad.		醱
simp.		酦

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (發) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
廢	*pads
癈	*pads
橃	*pads, *bad
撥	*paːd
鱍	*paːd, *pʰaːd
襏	*paːd
驋	*paːd
鏺	*pʰaːd
潑	*pʰaːd
醱	*pʰaːd

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pō, pò (po¹, po⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛ, ㄆㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): put³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pō
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: po
    • Wade–Giles: pʻo¹
    • Yale: pwō
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: po
    • Palladius: по (po)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pò
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pò
    • Wade–Giles: pʻo⁴
    • Yale: pwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: poh
    • Palladius: по (po)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: put³
    • Yale: put
    • Cantonese Pinyin: put⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: pud³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːt̚³/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	醱
Reading #	1/1
No.	2838
Phonetic component	發
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	鏺
Old Chinese	/*pʰaːd/
Notes	肺原作胏

Definitions

醱

1. to brew or ferment for the second time

Compounds

• 醱醅／酦醅

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fā, pò (fa¹, po⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄚ, ㄆㄛˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fā
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fa
    • Wade–Giles: fa¹
    • Yale: fā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fa
    • Palladius: фа (fa)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fä⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pò
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pò
    • Wade–Giles: pʻo⁴
    • Yale: pwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: poh
    • Palladius: по (po)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Definitions

醱

1. Only used in 醱酵／酦酵, alternative form of 發酵／发酵 (fājiào, “to ferment”)

Compounds

• 醱酵／酦酵 (fājiào)
• 醱酵乳／酦酵乳

 

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	醗
Kyūjitai	醱

Kanji

醱

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 醗)

1. to ferment

Readings

• Go-on: はち (hachi)
• Kan-on: はつ (hatsu)
• Kun: かもす (kamosu, 醱す)

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, 醱 is mostly replaced by 発, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Japanese terms with 醱 replaced by daiyōji 発

発酵

Compounds

• 醱(はっ)酵(こう) (hakkō, “fermentation”)
• 醱(はつ)醅(はい) (hatsuhai, “vigorous bubbling of fermenting sake”) (also 潑醅)

References

“K'sBookshelf 辞典・用語 漢字林 酉部”, in ksbookshelf.com‎, accessed 2024-03-12

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 醱. Recorded as Middle Korean 발〮 (pál) (Yale: pal) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

醱 (eumhun 빚을 발 (bijeul bal))

1. Hanja form^? of 발 (“ferment”).

Compounds

• 발효 (醱酵, balhyo)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]