金馬

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Baekje

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Etymology

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Related to Japanese (クマ) (kuma, bear) and Old Korean *고마〮 (*kwòmá, bear) > Middle Korean 곰〯 (kwǒm). Beyond Korean and Japanese, compare also Old Chinese (OC *ɢʷlɯm).

Noun

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金馬 (*kəma or *kuma or *komu or *kumu) (Nihon shoki 久麻 or クム or クマ or コム)

  1. bear

References

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  • John Bentley (2000) “New Look at Paekche and Korean: Data from Nihon shoki”, in Language Research[1], volume 36, number 2, Seoul National University, pages 417—443
  • Alexander Vovin (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics[2], volume 15, number 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 222—240

Chinese

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metal; gold; money horse; surname
trad. (金馬)
simp. (金马)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (28) (4)
Final () (140) (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III II
Fanqie
Baxter kim maeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠiɪm/ /mˠaX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚim/ /mᵚaX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiem/ /maX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kjim/ /maɨX/
Li
Rong
/kjəm/ /maX/
Wang
Li
/kĭĕm/ /maX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯əm/ /maX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gam1 maa5

Noun

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金馬

  1. gold horse
  2. (literary) imperial court or capital
    Synonyms: 朝廷 (cháotíng), 帝都 (dìdū)
  3. (literary) Hanlin Academy scholar
    Synonym: 翰林 (Hànlín)

Proper noun

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金馬

  1. (historical) () a gate in the Han dynasty where literati waited for imperial orders
  2. (historical) () imperial library of the Han dynasty
  3. (historical) Alternative term for 翰林院 (Hànlínyuàn, “Hanlin Academy”).
  4. (地區) Fujian Province, Republic of China after 1949 (Short for 金門金门 (Jīnmén) + 馬祖马祖 (Mǎzǔ): “Kinmen and Matsu.)

Derived terms

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