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U+C228, 숨
HANGUL SYLLABLE SUM
Composition: + +

[U+C227]
Hangul Syllables
[U+C229]




쇼 ←→ 숴

Korean

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Etymology

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First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 숨〯 (Yale: swǔm).

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰu(ː)m]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?sum
Revised Romanization (translit.)?sum
McCune–Reischauer?sum
Yale Romanization?swūm
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: / 숨 / 숨까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

Noun

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(sum)

  1. breath, breathing
    고르다sum-eul goreudasteady breaths
    그녀 감고 깊이 들이마셨다.
    Geunyeo-neun nun-eul gamgo sum-eul gipi deurimasyeotda.
    She closed her eyes and took a deep breath.
  2. liveliness, spirit, vigor
  3. stiffness
    죽다sum-i jukdathe stiffness of death

Derived terms

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(prefix to nouns)

  • 숨결 (sumgyeol, the state of breathing)
  • 숨구멍 (sumgumeong, throat, windpipe, trachea)
  • 숨소리 (sumsori, the sound of breathing)
  • 숨통 (sumtong, throat, windpipe, trachea)

(suffix to nouns)

  • 단숨에 (dansume, in one breath)
  • 목숨 (moksum, life)
  • 한숨 (hansum, one breath, pause, sigh)

(prefix to verbs)