𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌿𐍆- (uf-) +‎ *𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽 (*swōgan, from Proto-Germanic *swōganą) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).

Verb

𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (ufswōgjan)

1. to sigh, groan
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 8:12:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌵𐌰𐌸: 𐍈𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌽 𐍃𐍉𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌸? 𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌽, 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃: 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌴.

     jah ufswōgjands ahmin seinamma qaþ: ƕa þata kuni taikn sōkeiþ? amēn, qiþa izwis: jabai gibaidau kunja þamma taiknē.

     And he sighed deeply in his spirit, and saith, Why doth this generation seek after a sign? verily I say unto you, There shall no sign be given unto this generation. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 ufswōgjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰 ufswōgja	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 ufswōgida	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 ufswōgjada
2nd singular	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐍃 ufswōgeis	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 ufswōgidēs	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 ufswōgjaza
3rd singular	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 ufswōgeiþ	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 ufswōgida	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 ufswōgjada
1st dual	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐍉𐍃 ufswōgjōs	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 ufswōgidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 ufswōgjats	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 ufswōgidēduts	—
1st plural	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌼 ufswōgjam	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 ufswōgidēdum	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 ufswōgjanda
2nd plural	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 ufswōgeiþ	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 ufswōgidēduþ	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 ufswōgjanda
3rd plural	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 ufswōgjand	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 ufswōgidēdun	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 ufswōgjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjau	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 ufswōgidēdjau	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjaidau
2nd singular	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 ufswōgjais	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 ufswōgidēdeis	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjaizau
3rd singular	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹 ufswōgjai	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 ufswōgidēdi	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjaidau
1st dual	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 ufswōgjaiwa	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 ufswōgidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 ufswōgjaits	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 ufswōgidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 ufswōgjaima	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 ufswōgidēdeima	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjaindau
2nd plural	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 ufswōgjaiþ	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 ufswōgidēdeiþ	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjaindau
3rd plural	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 ufswōgjaina	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 ufswōgidēdeina	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹 ufswōgei
3rd singular	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjadau
2nd dual	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 ufswōgjats
2nd plural	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 ufswōgeiþ
3rd plural	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 ufswōgjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 ufswōgjands	𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌹𐌸𐍃 ufswōgiþs

Related terms

• 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaswōgjan)
• 𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (swōgatjan)

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 136