Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/káwHiš

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This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kówh₁is, from *(s)kewh₁- (to perceive, observe) +‎ *-is (deverbal noun suffix).

Noun

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*káwHiš m

  1. seer, poet
  2. institutor of religious rites

Declension

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masculine i-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *káwHiš *káwHiH *káwHayas
vocative *káwHay *káwHiH *káwHayas
accusative *káwHim *káwHiH *káwHīn, -īš
instrumental *káwHiH *káwHibʰyām *káwHibʰiš
ablative *káwHayš *káwHibʰyām *káwHibʰyas
dative *káwHayay *káwHibʰyām *káwHibʰyas
genitive *káwHayš *káwHyawš *káwHayām?
locative *káwHā(w)? *káwHyawš *káwHišu

Descendants

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  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kawHíṣ
    • Sanskrit: कवि (kaví, poet, teacher of the Vedas)
  • Proto-Iranian: *káwHiš
    • Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 (kauui, poet, bard)
      • Middle Persian: [script needed] (kd /⁠kay⁠/, title of the dynasty of Wištāsp, Kayanian)
    • Parthian: 𐫞𐫀𐫇 (qʾw /⁠kaw⁠/, prince, lord; giant)
    • Middle Persian: 𐫞𐫀𐫇 (qʾw /⁠kaw⁠/, prince, lord; giant)
    • Sogdian: [script needed] (qwy, giant)
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (kai, heroic; ārya-monk)
    • Old Armenian: սկայ (skay, giant)

Adjective

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*káwHiš

  1. insightful, wise

References

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  • Prods Oktor Skjærvø (2013) “KAYĀNIĀN i. Kavi: Avestan kauui, Pahlavi kay”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kaví”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 328-9
  • Szemerényi, Oswald (1970) “Iranica III (Nos. 32-43)”, in Mary Boyce, Ilya Gershevitch, editors, W.B. Henning memorial volume, London: Lund Humphries, page 426