Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bagrъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Most likely from *bag- (attested in *bagati (“to ignite fire”)) + *-rъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Karl Heinrich Menges proposed borrowing from some Turkic language, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *bakïr (“copper”).

Adjective

*bagrъ

1. purple (color)

Declension

Indefinite declension of *bagrъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*bagrъ	*bagra	*bagro
genitive	*bagra	*bagry	*bagra
dative	*bagru	*bagrě	*bagru
accusative	*bagrъ	*bagrǫ	*bagro
instrumental	*bagromь	*bagrojǫ	*bagromь
locative	*bagrě	*bagrě	*bagrě
vocative	*bagre	*bagro	*bagro
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*bagra	*bagrě	*bagrě
genitive	*bagru	*bagru	*bagru
dative	*bagroma	*bagrama	*bagroma
accusative	*bagra	*bagrě	*bagrě
instrumental	*bagroma	*bagrama	*bagroma
locative	*bagru	*bagru	*bagru
vocative	*bagra	*bagrě	*bagrě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*bagri	*bagry	*bagra
genitive	*bagrъ	*bagrъ	*bagrъ
dative	*bagromъ	*bagramъ	*bagromъ
accusative	*bagry	*bagry	*bagra
instrumental	*bagry	*bagrami	*bagry
locative	*bagrěxъ	*bagraxъ	*bagrěxъ
vocative	*bagri	*bagry	*bagra

Definite declension of *bagrъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*bagrъjь	*bagraja	*bagroje
genitive	*bagrajego	*bagryję̇	*bagrajego
dative	*bagrujemu	*bagrěji	*bagrujemu
accusative	*bagrъjь	*bagrǫjǫ	*bagroje
instrumental	*bagryjimь	*bagrǫjǫ	*bagryjimь
locative	*bagrějemь	*bagrěji	*bagrějemь
vocative	*bagrъjь	*bagraja	*bagroje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*bagraja	*bagrěji	*bagrěji
genitive	*bagruju	*bagruju	*bagruju
dative	*bagryjima	*bagryjima	*bagryjima
accusative	*bagraja	*bagrěji	*bagrěji
instrumental	*bagryjima	*bagryjima	*bagryjima
locative	*bagruju	*bagruju	*bagruju
vocative	*bagraja	*bagrěji	*bagrěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*bagriji	*bagryję̇	*bagraja
genitive	*bagrъjixъ	*bagrъjixъ	*bagrъjixъ
dative	*bagryjimъ	*bagryjimъ	*bagryjimъ
accusative	*bagryję̇	*bagryję̇	*bagraja
instrumental	*bagryjimi	*bagryjimi	*bagryjimi
locative	*bagryjixъ	*bagryjixъ	*bagryjixъ
vocative	*bagriji	*bagryję̇	*bagraja

Derived terms

• *bagrъ
• *bagra
• *bagrovъ
• *bagriti
  • *bagridlo
• *bagrěnъ
• *bagrьcь

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Ukrainian: багри́й (bahrýj) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: ба́гър (bágǎr)

Etymology 2

Nominalization of *bagrъ (see Etymology 1).

Noun

*bãgrъ m

1. purple (color)
2. purple dye (probably)

Alternative forms

• *bagra

Declension

Declension of *bãgrъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bãgrъ	*bāgrà	*bāgrì
genitive	*bāgrà	*bāgrù	*bãgrъ
dative	*bāgrù	*bāgròma	*bāgròmъ
accusative	*bãgrъ	*bāgrà	*bāgrỳ
instrumental	*bāgrъ̀mь, *bāgròmь*	*bāgròma	*bãgry
locative	*bāgrě̀	*bāgrù	*bãgrěxъ
vocative	*bagre	*bāgrà	*bāgrì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: багръ (bagrŭ, “purple; purple robe, fabric”), багъръ (bagŭrŭ), багоръ (bagorŭ)
    • Russian: ба́гор (bágor, “purple; purple paint; Coccus”); баго́р (bagór) (obsolete), ба́гр (bágr) (archaic)
      • ⇒ Russian: багря́ный (bagrjányj)
    • ⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: ба́грий (báhryj)
    • Ukrainian: ба́гор (báhor, “purple”)
      • ⇒ Ukrainian: багряний (bahrjanyj, “crimson red”)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: багъръ (bagŭrŭ, “purple”)

    Glagolitic script: ⰱⰰⰳⱏⱃⱏ (bagŭrŭ, “purple”)

    • Church Slavonic: bagar (“crimson”) (Serbian recension)
  • Bulgarian: ба́гър (bágǎr, “warm hue”)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ба̏гар (“purple; purple robe, fabric; scarlet”)

    Latin script: bȁgar (“purple; purple robe, fabric; scarlet”)

  • Slovene: báger (“purple; scarlet”) (tonal orthography)

See also

Colors in Proto-Slavic · *mȃsti (layout · text)

*bělъ (of animals) *bronъ	*sivъ, *śěrъ, *śědъ	*čьrnъ, *smaglъ, *smǫglъ (of animals) *vornъ, *galъ
*čьrvenъ, *ryďь, *ruměnъ	*rudъ, *granivъ; *smědъ (of animals) *gnědъ	*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ
*zelenъ	*zelenъ, *grěnъ
	*polvъ	*siňь; *modrъ
*slivъ	*bagrъ

References

Further reading

• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “багра”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 24

Etymology 3

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰāǵʰ- (“to bend”), compare *bʰāǵʰus (“arm”).

Noun

*bagrъ m

1. hook, gaff

Alternative forms

• *bagro

Declension

Declension of *bagrъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bagrъ	*bagra	*bagri
genitive	*bagra	*bagru	*bagrъ
dative	*bagru	*bagroma	*bagromъ
accusative	*bagrъ	*bagra	*bagry
instrumental	*bagrъmь, *bagromь*	*bagroma	*bagry
locative	*bagrě	*bagru	*bagrěxъ
vocative	*bagre	*bagra	*bagri

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: баго́р (bagór)
  • Ukrainian: баго́р (bahór), ба́гор (báhor); ба́гр (báhr) (dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • Slovak: bahor