abrutir
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See also: abrutìr
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]abrutir
- (transitive) to render idiotic; to turn into idiots
- (transitive, intransitive) to blunt or deaden the mind
- (transitive) to overwhelm, to devastate
- (literary) to return to a brutish or bestial state
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of abrutir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | abrutir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | abrutissant /a.bʁy.ti.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | abruti /a.bʁy.ti/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ |
abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ |
abrutit /a.bʁy.ti/ |
abrutissons /a.bʁy.ti.sɔ̃/ |
abrutissez /a.bʁy.ti.se/ |
abrutissent /a.bʁy.tis/ |
| imperfect | abrutissais /a.bʁy.ti.sɛ/ |
abrutissais /a.bʁy.ti.sɛ/ |
abrutissait /a.bʁy.ti.sɛ/ |
abrutissions /a.bʁy.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
abrutissiez /a.bʁy.ti.sje/ |
abrutissaient /a.bʁy.ti.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ |
abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ |
abrutit /a.bʁy.ti/ |
abrutîmes /a.bʁy.tim/ |
abrutîtes /a.bʁy.tit/ |
abrutirent /a.bʁy.tiʁ/ | |
| future | abrutirai /a.bʁy.ti.ʁe/ |
abrutiras /a.bʁy.ti.ʁa/ |
abrutira /a.bʁy.ti.ʁa/ |
abrutirons /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɔ̃/ |
abrutirez /a.bʁy.ti.ʁe/ |
abrutiront /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | abrutirais /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɛ/ |
abrutirais /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɛ/ |
abrutirait /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɛ/ |
abrutirions /a.bʁy.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ |
abrutiriez /a.bʁy.ti.ʁje/ |
abrutiraient /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | abrutisse /a.bʁy.tis/ |
abrutisses /a.bʁy.tis/ |
abrutisse /a.bʁy.tis/ |
abrutissions /a.bʁy.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
abrutissiez /a.bʁy.ti.sje/ |
abrutissent /a.bʁy.tis/ |
| imperfect2 | abrutisse /a.bʁy.tis/ |
abrutisses /a.bʁy.tis/ |
abrutît /a.bʁy.ti/ |
abrutissions /a.bʁy.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
abrutissiez /a.bʁy.ti.sje/ |
abrutissent /a.bʁy.tis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ |
— | abrutissons /a.bʁy.ti.sɔ̃/ |
abrutissez /a.bʁy.ti.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “abrutir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.