cenedl

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Welsh

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Etymology

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From Middle Welsh kenedyl, from Old Welsh kenedel (kindred, family to the ninth degree of kinship), from Proto-Brythonic *kenedl, from Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (family), from Proto-Indo-European *ken-.

Pronunciation

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  • (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈkɛnɛdl/, [ˈkʰɛnɛdl̩ˠ]
  • (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈkeːnɛdl/, [ˈkʰeːnɛdl̩], /ˈkɛnɛdl/, [ˈkʰɛnɛdl̩]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛnɛdl

Noun

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cenedl f (plural cenhedloedd)

  1. nation
    Cenedl heb iaith, cenedl heb galon.
    A nation without a language is a nation without a heart.
  2. (archaic) tribe, clan, kindred
    Synonym: llwyth
  3. (archaic) generation
    Synonym: cenhedlaeth
  4. (archaic) sort, species, kind
    Synonyms: math, siort
  5. (archaic) ethnicity
    Synonym: ethnigrwydd
  6. (biblical) gentile
    • 1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, Luc 2:29-32:
      Yr awr hon, Arglwydd, y gollyngi dy was mewn tangnefedd, yn ôl dy air: canys fy llygaid a welsant dy iachawdwriaeth, yr hon a baratoaist gerbron wyneb yr holl bobloedd; goleuni i oleuo y Cenhedloedd, a gogoniant dy bobl Israel.
      Lord, now You are letting Your servant depart in peace, according to Your word; for my eyes have seen Your salvation which You have prepared before the face of all peoples, a light to bring revelation to the Gentiles, and the glory of Your people Israel.
  7. (grammar) gender (of nouns, adjectives etc.)

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
cenedl genedl nghenedl chenedl
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cenedl”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies