fraoch

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /fˠɾˠeːx/, [fˠɾˠëːə̯x]
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /fˠɾˠiːx/, (older) /fˠɾˠɯːx/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish fráech, from Old Irish froích, fróech, from Proto-Celtic *wroikos (compare Welsh grug, Middle Breton groegan), from an unknown non-Indo-European source (compare Czech vřes, Latvian virsis, Ancient Greek ἐρείκη (ereíkē)).

Noun

fraoch m or f (genitive singular fraoigh or fraoighe)

1. heather

   Synonym: fraoch mór

2. heath, moor

   Synonym: móinteach

Declension

Declension of fraoch

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative fraoch Vocative a fhraoigh Genitive fraoigh Dative fraoch

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an fraoch Genitive an fhraoigh Dative leis an bhfraoch don fhraoch

• Variant genitive singular: fraoich

Declension of fraoch

Second declension

Bare forms (no plural form of this noun) Case Singular Nominative fraoch Vocative a fhraoch Genitive fraoighe Dative fraoch

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Nominative an fhraoch Genitive na fraoighe Dative leis an bhfraoch don fhraoch

Derived terms

• cearc fhraoigh (“(red) grouse”)
• coileach fraoigh (“moor cock, male red grouse”)
• dallóg fhraoigh (“shrew-mouse”)
• dúchoileach fraoigh (“blackcock, male black grouse”)
• fraoch bán (“white heather”)
• fraoch camógach (“Mediterranean heather”)
• fraoch cloigíneach (“bell-heather”)
• fraoch coitianta (“Scotch heather, ling”)
• fraoch fireann (“bell-heather”)
• fraoch Lochlannach (“bell-heather”)
• fraoch mór (“Scotch heather, ling”)
• fraoch naoscaí (“cross-leaved heath”)
• fraochán (“bilberry, whortleberry; ring-ouzel”)
• fraochdhaite (“heather-mixture”)
• fraochlach (“heath”)
• (of tract of land) fraochmhá (“heath”)
• fraochmhar (“heathery”)
• leann fraoigh (“heather-ale”)
• luch fhraoigh (“marmot”)
• madar fraoigh (“heath, white, bedstraw”)
• píobaire fraoigh (“grasshopper”)

 

Etymology 2

From Middle Irish fráech m (“rage, fury, fierceness”).

Noun

fraoch m (genitive singular fraoich)

1. fierceness, fury

Declension

Declension of fraoch

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative fraoch Vocative a fhraoich Genitive fraoich Dative fraoch

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an fraoch Genitive an fhraoich Dative leis an bhfraoch don fhraoch

Derived terms

• fraochnimh f (“venomous anger”)
• fraochta (“fierce, furious, enraged”, adjective)

Related terms

• fraochaíl f (“furiousness; fierce valour”)
• fraochtacht f (“rage, fury”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
fraoch	fhraoch	bhfraoch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “fraoch”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “fraoch”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “fraoch”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɾɯːx/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish fráech, from Old Irish froích, fróech, from Proto-Celtic *wroikos, from a non-Indo-European source.

Noun

fraoch m (genitive singular fraoich, no plural)

1. heath, heather, ling
2. bristles

Derived terms

• dearc-fhraoich f (“bilberry, whortleberry, blaeberry, cowberry”)
• deargan-fraoich m (“goldfinch; bullfinch”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Irish fráech m (“rage, fury, fierceness”).

Noun

fraoch m (genitive singular fraoich, no plural)

1. anger, fury
2. girning expression of countenance

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
fraoch	fhraoch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “fraoch”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC