hernua

Ingrian

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈhernuɑ/, [ˈhe̞rno̞]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈhernuɑ/, [ˈhe̞rnuɑ]
• (Hevaha) IPA^(key): /ˈhernuɑk/, [ˈhe̞rnuɑɡ̊]
• Rhymes: -ernoː, -ernuɑ
• Hyphenation: her‧nu‧a

Verb

hernua

1. Alternative form of hirnua

Conjugation

Conjugation of hernua (type 1/ampua, no gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	hernun	en hernu	1st singular	oon hernunt, oon hernunut	en oo hernunt, en oo hernunut
2nd singular	hernut	et hernu	2nd singular	oot hernunt, oot hernunut	et oo hernunt, et oo hernunut
3rd singular	hernuu	ei hernu	3rd singular	ono hernunt, ono hernunut	ei oo hernunt, ei oo hernunut
1st plural	hernumma	emmä hernu	1st plural	oomma hernuneet	emmä oo hernuneet
2nd plural	hernutta	että hernu	2nd plural	ootta hernuneet	että oo hernuneet
3rd plural	hernuut1), hernuvat2), hernutaa	evät hernu, ei hernuta	3rd plural	ovat hernuneet	evät oo hernuneet, ei oo hernuttu
impersonal	hernutaa	ei hernuta	impersonal	ono hernuttu	ei oo hernuttu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	hernuin	en hernunt, en hernunut	1st singular	olin hernunt, olin hernunut	en olt hernunt, en olt hernunut
2nd singular	hernuit	et hernunt, et hernunut	2nd singular	olit hernunt, olit hernunut	et olt hernunt, et olt hernunut
3rd singular	hernui	ei hernunt, ei hernunut	3rd singular	oli hernunt, oli hernunut	ei olt hernunt, ei olt hernunut
1st plural	hernuimma	emmä hernuneet	1st plural	olimma hernuneet	emmä olleet hernuneet
2nd plural	hernuitta	että hernuneet	2nd plural	olitta hernuneet	että olleet hernuneet
3rd plural	hernuit1), hernuivat2), hernuttii	evät hernuneet, ei hernuttu	3rd plural	olivat hernuneet	evät olleet hernuneet, ei olt hernuttu
impersonal	hernuttii	ei hernuttu	impersonal	oli hernuttu	ei olt hernuttu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	hernuisin	en hernuis	1st singular	olisin hernunt, olisin hernunut	en olis hernunt, en olis hernunut
2nd singular	hernuisit, hernuist1)	et hernuis	2nd singular	olisit hernunt, olisit hernunut	et olis hernunt, et olis hernunut
3rd singular	hernuis	ei hernuis	3rd singular	olis hernunt, olis hernunut	ei olis hernunt, ei olis hernunut
1st plural	hernuisimma	emmä hernuis	1st plural	olisimma hernuneet	emmä olis hernuneet
2nd plural	hernuisitta	että hernuis	2nd plural	olisitta hernuneet	että olis hernuneet
3rd plural	hernuisiit1), hernuisivat2), hernuttais	evät hernuis, ei hernuttais	3rd plural	olisivat hernuneet	evät olis hernuneet, ei olis hernuttu
impersonal	hernuttais	ei hernuttais	impersonal	olis hernuttu	ei olis hernuttu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	hernu	elä hernu	2nd singular	oo hernunt, oo hernunut	elä oo hernunt, elä oo hernunut
3rd singular	hernukoo	elköö hernuko	3rd singular	olkoo hernunt, olkoo hernunut	elköö olko hernunt, elköö olko hernunut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	hernukaa	elkää hernuko	2nd plural	olkaa hernuneet	elkää olko hernuneet
3rd plural	hernukoot	elkööt hernuko, elköö hernuttako	3rd plural	olkoot hernuneet	elkööt olko hernuneet, elköö olko hernuttu
impersonal	hernuttakkoo	elköö hernuttako	impersonal	olkoo hernuttu	elköö olko hernuttu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	hernunen	en hernune
2nd singular	hernunet	et hernune
3rd singular	hernunoo	ei hernune
1st plural	hernunemma	emmä hernune
2nd plural	hernunetta	että hernune
3rd plural	hernunoot	evät hernune, ei hernuttane
impersonal	hernuttannoo	ei hernuttane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		hernua	present	hernuva	hernuttava
2nd	inessive	hernujees	past	hernunt, hernunut	hernuttu
	instructive	hernuen	1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (hernukaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	hernumaa
	inessive	hernumaas
	elative	hernumast
	abessive	hernumata
4th	nominative	hernumiin
	partitive	hernumista, hernumist

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 62
• Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 35