kinza

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Swahili

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Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-kinza (infinitive kukinza)

  1. to oppose, object, obstruct

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -kinza
Positive present -nakinza
Subjunctive -kinze
Negative -kinzi
Imperative singular kinza
Infinitives
Positive kukinza
Negative kutokinza
Imperatives
Singular kinza
Plural kinzeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukinza
Positive past positive subject concord + -likinza
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukinza
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakinza)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakinza/nakinza tunakinza
2nd person unakinza mnakinza
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakinza wanakinza
other classes positive subject concord + -nakinza
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kinzi)
Singular Plural
1st person sikinzi hatukinzi
2nd person hukinzi hamkinzi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakinzi hawakinzi
other classes negative subject concord + -kinzi
Positive future positive subject concord + -takinza
Negative future negative subject concord + -takinza
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kinze)
Singular Plural
1st person nikinze tukinze
2nd person ukinze mkinze
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akinze wakinze
other classes positive subject concord + -kinze
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikinze
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekinza
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekinza
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikinza
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikinza
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akinza)
Singular Plural
1st person nakinza twakinza
2nd person wakinza mwakinza
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akinza wakinza
m-mi(III/IV) wakinza yakinza
ji-ma(V/VI) lakinza yakinza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakinza vyakinza
n(IX/X) yakinza zakinza
u(XI) wakinza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakinza
pa(XVI) pakinza
mu(XVIII) mwakinza
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekinza
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakinza
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakinza
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikinza
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokinza
Consecutive kakinza / positive subject concord + -kakinza
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakinze
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikinza -tukinza
2nd person -kukinza -wakinza/-kukinzeni/-wakinzeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkinza -wakinza
m-mi(III/IV) -ukinza -ikinza
ji-ma(V/VI) -likinza -yakinza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikinza -vikinza
n(IX/X) -ikinza -zikinza
u(XI) -ukinza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukinza
pa(XVI) -pakinza
mu(XVIII) -mukinza
Reflexive -jikinza
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kinza- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -kinzaye -kinzao
m-mi(III/IV) -kinzao -kinzayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -kinzalo -kinzayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kinzacho -kinzavyo
n(IX/X) -kinzayo -kinzazo
u(XI) -kinzao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kinzako
pa(XVI) -kinzapo
mu(XVIII) -kinzamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kinza)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekinza -okinza
m-mi(III/IV) -okinza -yokinza
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokinza -yokinza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokinza -vyokinza
n(IX/X) -yokinza -zokinza
u(XI) -okinza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokinza
pa(XVI) -pokinza
mu(XVIII) -mokinza
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

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