pengaruh

Indonesian

Etymology

Reconstructed from aruh +‎ peng- (“actor, instrument, or someone characterized by the root”), inherited from Malay pengaruh, from Javanese ꦥꦔꦫꦸꦃ (pangaruh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pə.ˈŋa.rʊh]
• Hyphenation: pê‧nga‧ruh

Noun

pengaruh (plural pengaruh-pengaruh, first-person possessive pengaruhku, second-person possessive pengaruhmu, third-person possessive pengaruhnya)

1. influence

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• memengaruh [agent focus] (meN-)
• memengaruhi [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• dipengaruh [patient focus] (di-)
• dipengaruhi [patient focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (di- + -i)
• terpengaruh [agentless action] (teR-)
• berpengaruh [stative / habitual] (beR-)

• pengaruh gen-berganda
• pengaruh Kelvin
• pengaruh kontekstual
• pengaruh lingkungan tak terbagi
• pengaruh lingkungan terbagi
• pengaruh multigenik
• pengaruh nonformatif
• pengaruh normatif berdasar sejarah
• pengaruh pornografi
• pengaruh sosial

 

Further reading

• “pengaruh” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Old Javanese ꦥꦔꦫꦸꦃ (pangaruh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pəŋaruh/, [pəŋaroh]
• Rhymes: -ruh, -uh
• Hyphenation: pe‧nga‧ruh

Noun

pengaruh (Jawi spelling ڤڠاروه, plural pengaruh-pengaruh, informal 1st possessive pengaruhku, 2nd possessive pengaruhmu, 3rd possessive pengaruhnya)

1. influence
2. authority

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• pengaruhi [causative (locative) benefactive] (-i)
• dipengaruhi [patient focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (di- + -i)
• terpengaruh [agentless action] (teR-)
• berpengaruh [stative / habitual] (beR-)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• pempengaruh
• mempengaruhi

Descendants

• Indonesian: pengaruh

Further reading

• “pengaruh” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.