refrescar

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [rə.fɾəsˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [re.fɾesˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

refrescar (first-person singular present refresco, first-person singular preterite refresquí, past participle refrescat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencia) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/

1. to refresh

Conjugation

    Conjugation of refrescar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)

infinitive			refrescar
gerund			refrescant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		refrescat		refrescada
		plural		refrescats		refrescades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	refresco	refresques	refresca	refresquem	refresqueu	refresquen
	imperfect	refrescava	refrescaves	refrescava	refrescàvem	refrescàveu	refrescaven
	future	refrescaré	refrescaràs	refrescarà	refrescarem	refrescareu	refrescaran
	preterite	refresquí	refrescares	refrescà	refrescàrem	refrescàreu	refrescaren
	conditional	refrescaria	refrescaries	refrescaria	refrescaríem	refrescaríeu	refrescarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	refresqui	refresquis	refresqui	refresquem	refresqueu	refresquin
	imperfect	refresqués	refresquessis	refresqués	refresquéssim	refresquéssiu	refresquessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	refresca	refresqui	refresquem	refresqueu	refresquin
	negative (no)	—	no refresquis	no refresqui	no refresquem	no refresqueu	no refresquin

Derived terms

• refresc
• refrescament

Further reading

• “refrescar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Portuguese

Etymology

From re- +‎ fresco +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.fɾesˈka(ʁ)/ [he.fɾesˈka(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.fɾesˈka(ʁ)/ [he.fɾesˈka(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁe.fɾesˈka(ɾ)/ [he.fɾesˈka(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁe.fɾeʃˈka(ʁ)/ [χe.fɾeʃˈka(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁe.fɾesˈka(ɻ)/ [he.fɾesˈka(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.fɾɨʃˈkaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.fɾɨʃˈkaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨ.fɾɨʃˈka.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: re‧fres‧car

Verb

refrescar (first-person singular present refresco, first-person singular preterite refresquei, past participle refrescado)

1. to refresh (to renew or revitalise)
2. to freshen (to make fresh)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of refrescar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	refrescar
Personal	refrescar	refrescares	refrescar	refrescarmos	refrescardes	refrescarem
Gerund
	refrescando
Past participle
Masculine	refrescado			refrescados
Feminine	refrescada			refrescadas
Indicative
Present	refresco	refrescas	refresca	refrescamos	refrescais	refrescam
Imperfect	refrescava	refrescavas	refrescava	refrescávamos	refrescáveis	refrescavam
Preterite	refresquei	refrescaste	refrescou	refrescamos1, refrescámos2	refrescastes	refrescaram
Pluperfect	refrescara	refrescaras	refrescara	refrescáramos	refrescáreis	refrescaram
Future	refrescarei	refrescarás	refrescará	refrescaremos	refrescareis	refrescarão
Conditional	refrescaria	refrescarias	refrescaria	refrescaríamos	refrescaríeis	refrescariam
Subjunctive
Present	refresque	refresques	refresque	refresquemos	refresqueis	refresquem
Imperfect	refrescasse	refrescasses	refrescasse	refrescássemos	refrescásseis	refrescassem
Future	refrescar	refrescares	refrescar	refrescarmos	refrescardes	refrescarem
Imperative
Affirmative		refresca	refresque	refresquemos	refrescai	refresquem
Negative (não)		não refresques	não refresque	não refresquemos	não refresqueis	não refresquem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /refɾesˈkaɾ/ [re.fɾesˈkaɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: re‧fres‧car

Verb

refrescar (first-person singular present refresco, first-person singular preterite refresqué, past participle refrescado)

1. to refresh
2. to jog (stimulate a person's memory)
3. to freshen (the breath)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of refrescar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			refrescar
gerund			refrescando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		refrescado		refrescada
		plural		refrescados		refrescadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	refresco	refrescastú refrescásvos	refresca	refrescamos	refrescáis	refrescan
	imperfect	refrescaba	refrescabas	refrescaba	refrescábamos	refrescabais	refrescaban
	preterite	refresqué	refrescaste	refrescó	refrescamos	refrescasteis	refrescaron
	future	refrescaré	refrescarás	refrescará	refrescaremos	refrescaréis	refrescarán
	conditional	refrescaría	refrescarías	refrescaría	refrescaríamos	refrescaríais	refrescarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	refresque	refresquestú refresquésvos2	refresque	refresquemos	refresquéis	refresquen
	imperfect (ra)	refrescara	refrescaras	refrescara	refrescáramos	refrescarais	refrescaran
	imperfect (se)	refrescase	refrescases	refrescase	refrescásemos	refrescaseis	refrescasen
	future1	refrescare	refrescares	refrescare	refrescáremos	refrescareis	refrescaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		refrescatú refrescávos	refresque	refresquemos	refrescad	refresquen
	negative		no refresques	no refresque	no refresquemos	no refresquéis	no refresquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of refrescar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive refrescar
	dative	refrescarme	refrescarte	refrescarle, refrescarse	refrescarnos	refrescaros	refrescarles, refrescarse
	accusative	refrescarme	refrescarte	refrescarlo, refrescarla, refrescarse	refrescarnos	refrescaros	refrescarlos, refrescarlas, refrescarse
with gerund refrescando
	dative	refrescándome	refrescándote	refrescándole, refrescándose	refrescándonos	refrescándoos	refrescándoles, refrescándose
	accusative	refrescándome	refrescándote	refrescándolo, refrescándola, refrescándose	refrescándonos	refrescándoos	refrescándolos, refrescándolas, refrescándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative refresca
	dative	refréscame	refréscate	refréscale	refréscanos	not used	refréscales
	accusative	refréscame	refréscate	refréscalo, refréscala	refréscanos	not used	refréscalos, refréscalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative refrescá
	dative	refrescame	refrescate	refrescale	refrescanos	not used	refrescales
	accusative	refrescame	refrescate	refrescalo, refrescala	refrescanos	not used	refrescalos, refrescalas
with formal second-person singular imperative refresque
	dative	refrésqueme	not used	refrésquele, refrésquese	refrésquenos	not used	refrésqueles
	accusative	refrésqueme	not used	refrésquelo, refrésquela, refrésquese	refrésquenos	not used	refrésquelos, refrésquelas
with first-person plural imperative refresquemos
	dative	not used	refresquémoste	refresquémosle	refresquémonos	refresquémoos	refresquémosles
	accusative	not used	refresquémoste	refresquémoslo, refresquémosla	refresquémonos	refresquémoos	refresquémoslos, refresquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative refrescad
	dative	refrescadme	not used	refrescadle	refrescadnos	refrescaos	refrescadles
	accusative	refrescadme	not used	refrescadlo, refrescadla	refrescadnos	refrescaos	refrescadlos, refrescadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative refresquen
	dative	refrésquenme	not used	refrésquenle	refrésquennos	not used	refrésquenles, refrésquense
	accusative	refrésquenme	not used	refrésquenlo, refrésquenla	refrésquennos	not used	refrésquenlos, refrésquenlas, refrésquense

Derived terms

• refrescador
• refrescadura
• refrescamiento
• refrescante
• refrescar la memoria
• refresco

 

Further reading

• “refrescar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014