νάφθα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• νᾰ́φθᾱς (náphthās)

Etymology

An Iranian borrowing. Compare Old Persian *𐎴𐎳𐎫 (*n-f-t /⁠naft⁠/).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /nápʰ.tʰa/ → /ˈnaɸ.θa/ → /ˈnaf.θa/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /nápʰ.tʰa/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈnapʰ.tʰa/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈnaɸ.θa/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈnaf.θa/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈnaf.θa/

Noun

νᾰ́φθᾰ • (náphtha) f (genitive νᾰ́φθης); first declension
νᾰ́φθᾰ • (náphtha) n (indeclinable)

1. naphtha

Declension

First declension of ἡ νᾰ́φθᾰ; τῆς νᾰ́φθης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ νᾰ́φθᾰ hē náphtha
Genitive	τῆς νᾰ́φθης tês náphthēs
Dative	τῇ νᾰ́φθῃ têi náphthēi
Accusative	τὴν νᾰ́φθᾰν tḕn náphthan
Vocative	νᾰ́φθᾰ náphtha
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Declension of τὸ νᾰ́φθᾰ; τοῦ νᾰ́φθᾰ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	τὸ νᾰ́φθᾰ tò náphtha
Genitive	τοῦ νᾰ́φθᾰ toû náphtha
Dative	τῷ νᾰ́φθᾰ tôi náphtha
Accusative	τὸ νᾰ́φθᾰ tò náphtha
Vocative	νᾰ́φθᾰ náphtha
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• νᾰφθώδης (naphthṓdēs)

Descendants

• → Latin: naphtha (see there for further descendants)

References

• “νάφθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• νάφθα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette