Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/handuwurhtaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From *handuz (“hand”) + *wurhtaz, past participle of *wurkijaną (“to work”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxɑn.du.ˌwurx.tɑz/

Adjective

*handuwurhtaz

1. made by hand, handwrought

Inflection

Declension of *handuwurhtaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*handuwurhtaz	*handuwurhtai	*handuwurhtō	*handuwurhtôz	*handuwurhtą, -atō	*handuwurhtō
Accusative	*handuwurhtanǭ	*handuwurhtanz	*handuwurhtǭ	*handuwurhtōz	*handuwurhtą, -atō	*handuwurhtō
Genitive	*handuwurhtas, -is	*handuwurhtaizǫ̂	*handuwurhtaizōz	*handuwurhtaizǫ̂	*handuwurhtas, -is	*handuwurhtaizǫ̂
Dative	*handuwurhtammai	*handuwurhtaimaz	*handuwurhtaizōi	*handuwurhtaimaz	*handuwurhtammai	*handuwurhtaimaz
Instrumental	*handuwurhtanō	*handuwurhtaimiz	*handuwurhtaizō	*handuwurhtaimiz	*handuwurhtanō	*handuwurhtaimiz
Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*handuwurhtô	*handuwurhtaniz	*handuwurhtǭ	*handuwurhtōniz	*handuwurhtô	*handuwurhtōnō
Accusative	*handuwurhtanų	*handuwurhtanunz	*handuwurhtōnų	*handuwurhtōnunz	*handuwurhtô	*handuwurhtōnō
Genitive	*handuwurhtiniz	*handuwurhtanǫ̂	*handuwurhtōniz	*handuwurhtōnǫ̂	*handuwurhtiniz	*handuwurhtanǫ̂
Dative	*handuwurhtini	*handuwurhtammaz	*handuwurhtōni	*handuwurhtōmaz	*handuwurhtini	*handuwurhtammaz
Instrumental	*handuwurhtinē	*handuwurhtammiz	*handuwurhtōnē	*handuwurhtōmiz	*handuwurhtinē	*handuwurhtammiz

Descendants

• Old English: handworht
  • English: handwrought
• Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (handuwaurhts)