Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/steupa-

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *steupaz (“pushed away; cut off; abandoned; deserted; orphaned”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to push”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsteu̯.pɑ/

Prefix

*steupa-

1. step-

Derived terms

• *steupabarną
• *steupabrōþēr
• *steupaduhtēr
• *steupafadēr
• *steupakindą
• *steupamōdēr
• *steupaswestēr
• *steupasunuz

Related terms

• *stiupijaną

Descendants

• Note: many descendants altered p to f under the influence of the f in words for "stepfather", which were then carried over to the other forms.

• Old English: stēop-, stēp-
  • Middle English: steop-, step-, stappe-, stef-
    • English: step-
    • Scots: step-
• Old Frisian: stiāp-
  • Saterland Frisian: stäif- (possibly from Low German)
  • West Frisian: styp-, styf-
• Old Saxon: *stiop-
  • Middle Low German: stiep-, stip-, stêf-, stîf-
    • German Low German: steev-, steef-
• Old Dutch: *stiop-
  • Middle Dutch: stiep-, stippe-, stief-
    • Dutch: stief-
• Old High German: stiof-
  • Middle High German: stief-
    • German: stief-
• Old Norse: stjúp-
  • Icelandic: stjúp-
  • Faroese: stjúk- (?)
  • Norwegian: styk- (< stjúk-, stýk-)
  • Swedish: styv- (possibly merged with Low German)
  • Danish: stiv-