Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/mḳerd-

This Proto-Kartvelian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Kartvelian

Alternative reconstructions

• *ḳward- (Fähnrich, 2007)

Noun

*mḳerd- (Klimov; Fähnrich-Sarǯvelaʒe)

1. breast, chest

Descendants

• Proto-Georgian-Zan:
  • Old Georgian: მკერდი (mḳerdi)
    • Georgian: მკერდი (mḳerdi)
  • Zan:
    • Mingrelian: კიდირი (ḳidiri)
• ⇒ Svan: მუჭუ̂ედ (muč̣ûed, “chest, breast”), მჷჭედ (məč̣ed), მუჭოდ (muč̣od), კუ̂არდუ̂იმ (ḳûardûim, “torso”)

References

• Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 123, compares Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd- (“heart”)
• Penrixi (Fähnrich), Hainc, Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Tbilisi Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani State University Press, page 331
• Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 234, compares Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd- (“heart”)

Further reading

• Климов, Г. А. (1994) Древнейшие индоевропеизмы картвельских языков [The Oldest Indo-Europeanisms in Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nasledie, →ISBN, pages 57–59, compares Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd- (“heart”)
• Gamkrelidze, Th. V., Ivanov, V. V. (1995) Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture. Part I: The Text (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 80), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 775, compares Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd- (“heart”)