Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žędati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gendātei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰn̥dʰéti, from *gʷʰedʰ- (“to yearn, to pray for”) with a nasal infix. Cognate with Lithuanian pasigèsti (“to miss”) (1p. pres. pasigendù), further akin to Lithuanian gedáuti (“to desire, to yearn”), gedė́ti (“to mourn”).

Verb

*žę̄dàti impf

1. to wish (in cardinal sense), to long for, to crave (in South, East Slavic)

   Synonyms: *želěti, *bažiti, *smažiti, *pražiti

2. to demand, to request (in West Slavic)

   Synonyms: *jьskati, *prašati

Inflection

Conjugation of *žędati, *žęda, *žęďetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*žędanьje	*žędati	*žędatъ	*žędalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*žędanъ	*žęďemъ
Active	*žędavъ	*žęďę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*žędaxъ	*žęda	*žęda	*žęďǫ	*žęďeši	*žęďetь
Dual	*žędaxově	*žędasta	*žędaste	*žęďevě	*žęďeta	*žęďete
Plural	*žędaxomъ	*žędaste	*žędašę	*žęďemъ	*žęďete	*žęďǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*žędaaxъ	*žędaaše	*žędaaše	—	*žęďi	*žęďi
Dual	*žędaaxově	*žędaašeta	*žędaašete	*žęďivě	*žęďita	—
Plural	*žędaaxomъ	*žędaašete	*žędaaxǫ	*žęďimъ	*žęďite	—

Conjugation of *žędati, *žęda, *žędajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*žędanьje	*žędati	*žędatъ	*žędalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*žędanъ	*žędajemъ
Active	*žędavъ	*žędaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*žędaxъ	*žęda	*žęda	*žędajǫ	*žędaješi	*žędajetь
Dual	*žędaxově	*žędasta	*žędaste	*žędajevě	*žędajeta	*žędajete
Plural	*žędaxomъ	*žędaste	*žędašę	*žędajemъ	*žędajete	*žędajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*žędaaxъ	*žędaaše	*žędaaše	—	*žędaji	*žędaji
Dual	*žędaaxově	*žędaašeta	*žędaašete	*žędajivě	*žędajita	—
Plural	*žędaaxomъ	*žędaašete	*žędaaxǫ	*žędajimъ	*žędajite	—

Derived terms

• *žęďa (“wish, desire; thirst”)

Related terms

• *žęděti (“to crave, to yearn for”) (ě/i-conj.)
• *žędь (“craving”)
  • *žęditi (“to cause thirst”)
  • *žędovati (“to crave”)
  • *žędostь (“thirst”)
  • *žędьnъ (“avid, greedy; thirsty”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: жадати (žadati)
    • Old Ruthenian: жада́ти (žadáti); жеда́ти (žedáti), жода́ти (žodáti) (dialectal)
      • Belarusian: жада́ць (žadácʹ)
      • Ukrainian: жада́ти (žadáty); жєда́ти (žjedáty) (dialectal)
    • Russian: жада́ть (žadátʹ, “to thirst for”) (archaic or dialectal); cf. modern жа́ждать (žáždatʹ, “to crave”)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: жѧдати (žędati)
  • Bulgarian: же́дам (žédam) (dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: žádat
  • Old Polish: żędać
    • Polish: żądać
  • Slovak: žiadať
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: žadać
    • Lower Sorbian: žedaś
• → Romanian: jindui

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жада́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жад”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 522