gugumiza

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Swahili

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Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-gugumiza (infinitive kugugumiza)

  1. to gulp
  2. to stammer, to stutter

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -gugumiza
Positive present -nagugumiza
Subjunctive -gugumize
Negative -gugumizi
Imperative singular gugumiza
Infinitives
Positive kugugumiza
Negative kutogugumiza
Imperatives
Singular gugumiza
Plural gugumizeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hugugumiza
Positive past positive subject concord + -ligugumiza
Negative past negative subject concord + -kugugumiza
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagugumiza)
Singular Plural
1st person ninagugumiza/nagugumiza tunagugumiza
2nd person unagugumiza mnagugumiza
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anagugumiza wanagugumiza
other classes positive subject concord + -nagugumiza
Negative present (negative subject concord + -gugumizi)
Singular Plural
1st person sigugumizi hatugugumizi
2nd person hugugumizi hamgugumizi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hagugumizi hawagugumizi
other classes negative subject concord + -gugumizi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tagugumiza
Negative future negative subject concord + -tagugumiza
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gugumize)
Singular Plural
1st person nigugumize tugugumize
2nd person ugugumize mgugumize
3rd person m-wa(I/II) agugumize wagugumize
other classes positive subject concord + -gugumize
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sigugumize
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngegugumiza
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singegugumiza
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaligugumiza
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaligugumiza
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agugumiza)
Singular Plural
1st person nagugumiza twagugumiza
2nd person wagugumiza mwagugumiza
3rd person m-wa(I/II) agugumiza wagugumiza
m-mi(III/IV) wagugumiza yagugumiza
ji-ma(V/VI) lagugumiza yagugumiza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chagugumiza vyagugumiza
n(IX/X) yagugumiza zagugumiza
u(XI) wagugumiza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwagugumiza
pa(XVI) pagugumiza
mu(XVIII) mwagugumiza
Perfect positive subject concord + -megugumiza
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshagugumiza
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jagugumiza
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kigugumiza
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipogugumiza
Consecutive kagugumiza / positive subject concord + -kagugumiza
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kagugumize
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nigugumiza -tugugumiza
2nd person -kugugumiza -wagugumiza/-kugugumizeni/-wagugumizeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mgugumiza -wagugumiza
m-mi(III/IV) -ugugumiza -igugumiza
ji-ma(V/VI) -ligugumiza -yagugumiza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kigugumiza -vigugumiza
n(IX/X) -igugumiza -zigugumiza
u(XI) -ugugumiza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kugugumiza
pa(XVI) -pagugumiza
mu(XVIII) -mugugumiza
Reflexive -jigugumiza
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -gugumiza- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -gugumizaye -gugumizao
m-mi(III/IV) -gugumizao -gugumizayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -gugumizalo -gugumizayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -gugumizacho -gugumizavyo
n(IX/X) -gugumizayo -gugumizazo
u(XI) -gugumizao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -gugumizako
pa(XVI) -gugumizapo
mu(XVIII) -gugumizamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -gugumiza)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yegugumiza -ogugumiza
m-mi(III/IV) -ogugumiza -yogugumiza
ji-ma(V/VI) -logugumiza -yogugumiza
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chogugumiza -vyogugumiza
n(IX/X) -yogugumiza -zogugumiza
u(XI) -ogugumiza see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kogugumiza
pa(XVI) -pogugumiza
mu(XVIII) -mogugumiza
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

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