toshea

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Swahili

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Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-toshea (infinitive kutoshea)

  1. Applicative form of -tosha

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -toshea
Positive present -natoshea
Subjunctive -toshee
Negative -toshei
Imperative singular toshea
Infinitives
Positive kutoshea
Negative kutotoshea
Imperatives
Singular toshea
Plural tosheeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutoshea
Positive past positive subject concord + -litoshea
Negative past negative subject concord + -kutoshea
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natoshea)
Singular Plural
1st person ninatoshea/natoshea tunatoshea
2nd person unatoshea mnatoshea
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatoshea wanatoshea
other classes positive subject concord + -natoshea
Negative present (negative subject concord + -toshei)
Singular Plural
1st person sitoshei hatutoshei
2nd person hutoshei hamtoshei
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatoshei hawatoshei
other classes negative subject concord + -toshei
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatoshea
Negative future negative subject concord + -tatoshea
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -toshee)
Singular Plural
1st person nitoshee tutoshee
2nd person utoshee mtoshee
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoshee watoshee
other classes positive subject concord + -toshee
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sitoshee
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetoshea
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetoshea
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitoshea
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitoshea
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atoshea)
Singular Plural
1st person natoshea twatoshea
2nd person watoshea mwatoshea
3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoshea watoshea
m-mi(III/IV) watoshea yatoshea
ji-ma(V/VI) latoshea yatoshea
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatoshea vyatoshea
n(IX/X) yatoshea zatoshea
u(XI) watoshea see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwatoshea
pa(XVI) patoshea
mu(XVIII) mwatoshea
Perfect positive subject concord + -metoshea
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshatoshea
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatoshea
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kitoshea
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipotoshea
Consecutive katoshea / positive subject concord + -katoshea
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katoshee
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nitoshea -tutoshea
2nd person -kutoshea -watoshea/-kutosheeni/-watosheeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtoshea -watoshea
m-mi(III/IV) -utoshea -itoshea
ji-ma(V/VI) -litoshea -yatoshea
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitoshea -vitoshea
n(IX/X) -itoshea -zitoshea
u(XI) -utoshea see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kutoshea
pa(XVI) -patoshea
mu(XVIII) -mutoshea
Reflexive -jitoshea
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -toshea- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -tosheaye -tosheao
m-mi(III/IV) -tosheao -tosheayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -toshealo -tosheayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tosheacho -tosheavyo
n(IX/X) -tosheayo -tosheazo
u(XI) -tosheao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -tosheako
pa(XVI) -tosheapo
mu(XVIII) -tosheamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -toshea)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yetoshea -otoshea
m-mi(III/IV) -otoshea -yotoshea
ji-ma(V/VI) -lotoshea -yotoshea
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotoshea -vyotoshea
n(IX/X) -yotoshea -zotoshea
u(XI) -otoshea see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kotoshea
pa(XVI) -potoshea
mu(XVIII) -motoshea
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.