vishana

Swahili

Verb

-vishana (infinitive kuvishana)

1. Reciprocal form of -visha

Conjugation

Conjugation of -vishana
Positive present -navishana Subjunctive -vishane Negative -vishani Imperative singular vishana
Infinitives
Positive kuvishana Negative kutovishana
Imperatives
Singular vishana Plural vishaneni
Tensed forms
Habitual huvishana Positive past positive subject concord + -livishana Negative past negative subject concord + -kuvishana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -navishana) Singular Plural 1st person ninavishana/navishana tunavishana 2nd person unavishana mnavishana 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anavishana wanavishana other classes positive subject concord + -navishana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -vishani) Singular Plural 1st person sivishani hatuvishani 2nd person huvishani hamvishani 3rd person m-wa(I/II) havishani hawavishani other classes negative subject concord + -vishani
Positive future positive subject concord + -tavishana Negative future negative subject concord + -tavishana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -vishane) Singular Plural 1st person nivishane tuvishane 2nd person uvishane mvishane 3rd person m-wa(I/II) avishane wavishane other classes positive subject concord + -vishane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sivishane Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngevishana Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singevishana Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalivishana Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalivishana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -avishana) Singular Plural 1st person navishana twavishana 2nd person wavishana mwavishana 3rd person m-wa(I/II) avishana wavishana m-mi(III/IV) wavishana yavishana ji-ma(V/VI) lavishana yavishana ki-vi(VII/VIII) chavishana vyavishana n(IX/X) yavishana zavishana u(XI) wavishana see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwavishana pa(XVI) pavishana mu(XVIII) mwavishana
Perfect positive subject concord + -mevishana "Already" positive subject concord + -meshavishana "Not yet" negative subject concord + -javishana "If/When" positive subject concord + -kivishana "If not" positive subject concord + -sipovishana Consecutive kavishana / positive subject concord + -kavishana Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kavishane Object concord —
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + -vishana- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -vishanaye -vishanao m-mi(III/IV) -vishanao -vishanayo ji-ma(V/VI) -vishanalo -vishanayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -vishanacho -vishanavyo n(IX/X) -vishanayo -vishanazo u(XI) -vishanao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -vishanako pa(XVI) -vishanapo mu(XVIII) -vishanamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -vishana) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yevishana -ovishana m-mi(III/IV) -ovishana -yovishana ji-ma(V/VI) -lovishana -yovishana ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chovishana -vyovishana n(IX/X) -yovishana -zovishana u(XI) -ovishana see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kovishana pa(XVI) -povishana mu(XVIII) -movishana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.