αἶθοψ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

αἶθος (aîthos, “heat, fire”) +‎ ὄψ (óps, “face, appearance”)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /âi̯.tʰops/ → /ˈɛ.θops/ → /ˈe.θops/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /âi̯.tʰops/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.tʰops/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.θops/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.θops/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.θops/

Adjective

αἶθοψ • (aîthops) m or f (neuter αἶθοψ); third declension

1. of metal: bright, sparkling, gleaming (especially of copper and iron, as Homeric epithets)

   αἶθοψ χαλκός ― aîthops khalkós ― gleaming copper

   • c. 8th century BCE, Homer, “Rhapsody φ”, in Odyssey, section 434:

     πὰρ θρόνον ἑστήκει κεκορυθμένος αἴθοπι χαλκῷ

     pàr thrónon hestḗkei kekoruthménos aíthopi khalkôi

     he stood beside the throne armed with [a weapon of] gleaming copper

2. of wine: sparkling

   αἶθοψ οἶνος ― aîthops oînos ― sparkling wine

   • c. 8th century BCE, Homer, “Rhapsody Ζ”, in Iliad, section 266:

     χερσὶ δ’ ἀνίπτοισιν Διὶ λείβειν αἴθοπα οἶνον ἅζομαι

     khersì d’ aníptoisin Diì leíbein aíthopa oînon házomai

     and with hands unwashen I have awe to pour libation of flaming [i.e. sparkling] wine to Zeus

3. of smoke or combustion: mixed with flame, blazing

   αἶθοψ φλογμός ― aîthops phlogmós ― blazing flame

   • 423 BCE, Euripides, Suppliants, section 1019:

     σῶμά τ᾽ αἴθοπι φλογμῷ πόσει συμμείξασα

     sômá t᾽ aíthopi phlogmôi pósei summeíxasa

     to mix my corpse in the blazing flame

4. metaphorically: fiery, intense
   • early 7th century BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days, section 361:

     ὃς δ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἐόντι φέρει, ὃ δ᾽ ἀλέξεται αἴθοπα λιμόν

     hòs d᾽ ep᾽ eónti phérei, hò d᾽ aléxetai aíthopa limón

     he who adds to what he has, will be protected from fiery hunger

Declension

Third declension of αἶθοψ; αἶθοψ (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		αἶθοψ aîthops	αἶθοψ aîthops		αἴθοπε aíthope	αἴθοπε aíthope		αἴθοπες aíthopes	αἴθοπᾰ aíthopa
Genitive		αἴθοπος aíthopos	αἴθοπος aíthopos		αἰθόποιν aithópoin	αἰθόποιν aithópoin		αἰθόπων aithópōn	αἰθόπων aithópōn
Dative		αἴθοπῐ aíthopi	αἴθοπῐ aíthopi		αἰθόποιν aithópoin	αἰθόποιν aithópoin		αἴθοψῐ / αἴθοψῐν aíthopsi(n)	αἴθοψῐ / αἴθοψῐν aíthopsi(n)
Accusative		αἴθοπᾰ aíthopa	αἶθοψ aîthops		αἴθοπε aíthope	αἴθοπε aíthope		αἴθοπᾰς aíthopas	αἴθοπᾰ aíthopa
Vocative		αἶθοψ aîthops	αἶθοψ aîthops		αἴθοπε aíthope	αἴθοπε aíthope		αἴθοπες aíthopes	αἴθοπᾰ aíthopa
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “αἴθοψ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• αἶθοψ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “αἰθοψ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press