κάροινον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain; Grimme assumes a loan from Semitic, suggesting comparison to Akkadian 𒆪𒊒𒌦𒉡 (ku-ru-un-nu /⁠kurunnu⁠/, “alcoholic beverage, a choice kind of beer or wine, possibly made with sesame”) via Hittite. This was considered doubtful by Beekes without giving argument, perhaps from the lack of evidence of a definitive Hittite transmission. For possible further foreign connections compare Egyptian kꜣm especially its earlier forms, its Semitic counterparts, and the Akkadian 𒃾 (GEŠTIN /⁠karānu⁠/, “wine, vine, grapes”). Alternatively perhaps from or related to καρύϊνος (karúïnos, “made of nuts, to be nut-brown in color”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ká.roi̯.non/ → /ˈka.ry.non/ → /ˈka.ri.non/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ká.roi̯.non/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈka.ry.non/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈka.ry.non/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈka.ry.non/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈka.ri.non/

Noun

κᾰ́ροινον • (károinon) n (genitive κᾰροίνου); second declension

1. carenum, sweet wine boiled down

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ κᾰ́ροινον; τοῦ κᾰροίνου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κᾰ́ροινον tò károinon	τὼ κᾰροίνω tṑ karoínō	τᾰ̀ κᾰ́ροινᾰ tà károina
Genitive	τοῦ κᾰροίνου toû karoínou	τοῖν κᾰροίνοιν toîn karoínoin	τῶν κᾰροίνων tôn karoínōn
Dative	τῷ κᾰροίνῳ tôi karoínōi	τοῖν κᾰροίνοιν toîn karoínoin	τοῖς κᾰροίνοις toîs karoínois
Accusative	τὸ κᾰ́ροινον tò károinon	τὼ κᾰροίνω tṑ karoínō	τᾰ̀ κᾰ́ροινᾰ tà károina
Vocative	κᾰ́ροινον károinon	κᾰροίνω karoínō	κᾰ́ροινᾰ károina
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: carēnum

Further reading

• “κάροινον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κάροινον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κάροινον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 647