κοράλλιον

See also: κοράλιον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κοράλιον (korálion), κουράλιον (kourálion), κωράλλιον (kōrállion)

Etymology

Traditionally derived from a univerbation of κόρη (kórē, “girl, maiden”) +‎ ἅλς (háls, “salt; sea”) +‎ -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix), literally “daughter of the sea”, which would be a calque of a similar Indian expression. However, Lewy suggests a Semitic origin, comparing this word with Hebrew גּוֹרָל (gōrāl, “small pebble”) and Arabic جَرَل (jaral, “small stone”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ko.rál.li.on/ → /koˈral.li.on/ → /koˈra.li.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ko.rál.li.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /koˈral.li.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /koˈral.li.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /koˈral.li.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /koˈra.li.on/

Noun

κορᾰ́λλῐον • (korállion) n (genitive κορᾰλλῐ́ου); second declension

1. coral

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ κορᾰ́λλῐον; τοῦ κορᾰλλῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ κορᾰ́λλῐον tò korállion	τὼ κορᾰλλῐ́ω tṑ korallíō	τᾰ̀ κορᾰ́λλῐᾰ tà korállia
Genitive	τοῦ κορᾰλλῐ́ου toû korallíou	τοῖν κορᾰλλῐ́οιν toîn korallíoin	τῶν κορᾰλλῐ́ων tôn korallíōn
Dative	τῷ κορᾰλλῐ́ῳ tôi korallíōi	τοῖν κορᾰλλῐ́οιν toîn korallíoin	τοῖς κορᾰλλῐ́οις toîs korallíois
Accusative	τὸ κορᾰ́λλῐον tò korállion	τὼ κορᾰλλῐ́ω tṑ korallíō	τᾰ̀ κορᾰ́λλῐᾰ tà korállia
Vocative	κορᾰ́λλῐον korállion	κορᾰλλῐ́ω korallíō	κορᾰ́λλῐᾰ korállia
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κοραλλίζω (korallízō)
• κοραλλικός (korallikós)
• κοραλλιοπλάστης (korallioplástēs)

 

Descendants

• → Latin: corallium
• → Old Georgian: კორალიონი (ḳoralioni)

Further reading

• “κοράλλιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κοράλλιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN