قريش
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Arabic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Various theories exist. One theory cites the Diminutive form of قِرْش (qirš, “shark, any large fish that eats smaller fish”); the name semantically is parallel to being the top dog, as sharks are apex predators at the top of their food chain. 9th-century scholar Hisham ibn al-Kalbi asserted that the name stemmed from تَقَرُّش (taqarruš, “coming together”) to denote the various tribes unified under Quraysh.
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
قُرَيْش • (qurayš) f or m
- Quraysh (Arabian tribe or tribal confederacy)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 106:1-3:
- لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ ٱلشِّتَاءِ وَٱلصَّيْفِ فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا ٱلْبَيْتِ […]
- li-ʔīlāfi qurayšin ʔīlāfihim riḥlata š-šitāʔi wa-ṣ-ṣayfi fa-l-yaʕbudū rabba hāḏā l-bayti […]
- For the accustomed security of the Quraysh - their accustomed security [in] the caravan of winter and summer - Let them worship the Lord of this House […]
- The 106th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun قُرَيْش (qurayš)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | — | قُرَيْش qurayš |
— |
| Nominative | — | قُرَيْشٌ qurayšun |
— |
| Accusative | — | قُرَيْشًا qurayšan |
— |
| Genitive | — | قُرَيْشٍ qurayšin |
— |
Derived terms[edit]
- بَنُو قُرَيْش (banū qurayš)
- قُرَشِيّ (qurašiyy)
- قُرَيْشِيّ (qurayšiyy)