कलङ्क
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Sanskrit[edit]
Alternative scripts[edit]
Alternative scripts
- কলঙ্ক (Assamese script)
- ᬓᬮᬗ᭄ᬓ (Balinese script)
- কলঙ্ক (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰩𑰒𑰿𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑀮𑀗𑁆𑀓 (Brahmi script)
- ကလင်္က (Burmese script)
- કલઙ્ક (Gujarati script)
- ਕਲਙ੍ਕ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑌲𑌙𑍍𑌕 (Grantha script)
- ꦏꦭꦔ꧀ꦏ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂪𑂑𑂹𑂍 (Kaithi script)
- ಕಲಙ್ಕ (Kannada script)
- កលង្ក (Khmer script)
- ກລງ຺ກ (Lao script)
- കലങ്ക (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠠᠯᠠᢛᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘩𑘒𑘿𑘎 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠠᠯᠠᢊᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧉𑦲𑧠𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐮𑐒𑑂𑐎 (Newa script)
- କଲଙ୍କ (Odia script)
- ꢒꢭꢖ꣄ꢒ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆬𑆕𑇀𑆑 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖩𑖒𑖿𑖎 (Siddham script)
- කලඞ්ක (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜𑩽𑩠 𑪙𑩜 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚥𑚎𑚶𑚊 (Takri script)
- கலங்க (Tamil script)
- కలఙ్క (Telugu script)
- กลงฺก (Thai script)
- ཀ་ལ་ངྐ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒪𑒓𑓂𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑨬𑨏𑩇𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology[edit]
Related to कलुष (kaluṣa, “turbid, foul”), with further origin uncertain. Perhaps borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கலங்கு (kalaṅku, “to become cloudy”), கலுழ் (kaluḻ, “to become cloudy”), and கலுழி (kaluḻi, “puddle”), as well as Kannada ಕಲುಹೆ (kaluhe, “dirt”). An Indo-European origin is possible as well; compare कलुष (kaluṣa) with Middle High German hilwe (“fine fog”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
कलङ्क • (kalaṅka) stem, m
Declension[edit]
| Masculine a-stem declension of कलङ्क (kalaṅka) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | कलङ्कः kalaṅkaḥ |
कलङ्कौ / कलङ्का¹ kalaṅkau / kalaṅkā¹ |
कलङ्काः / कलङ्कासः¹ kalaṅkāḥ / kalaṅkāsaḥ¹ |
| Vocative | कलङ्क kalaṅka |
कलङ्कौ / कलङ्का¹ kalaṅkau / kalaṅkā¹ |
कलङ्काः / कलङ्कासः¹ kalaṅkāḥ / kalaṅkāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | कलङ्कम् kalaṅkam |
कलङ्कौ / कलङ्का¹ kalaṅkau / kalaṅkā¹ |
कलङ्कान् kalaṅkān |
| Instrumental | कलङ्केन kalaṅkena |
कलङ्काभ्याम् kalaṅkābhyām |
कलङ्कैः / कलङ्केभिः¹ kalaṅkaiḥ / kalaṅkebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | कलङ्काय kalaṅkāya |
कलङ्काभ्याम् kalaṅkābhyām |
कलङ्केभ्यः kalaṅkebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | कलङ्कात् kalaṅkāt |
कलङ्काभ्याम् kalaṅkābhyām |
कलङ्केभ्यः kalaṅkebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | कलङ्कस्य kalaṅkasya |
कलङ्कयोः kalaṅkayoḥ |
कलङ्कानाम् kalaṅkānām |
| Locative | कलङ्के kalaṅke |
कलङ्कयोः kalaṅkayoḥ |
कलङ्केषु kalaṅkeṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
References[edit]
- Monier Williams (1899) “कलङ्क”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 260/2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 70
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 177; 182